HELIANTHUS 



HELIANTHUS 



721 



In America tbe Sunflower industry may be said to 

 have hardly commenced, there being at present hut two 

 well-developed markets for the seed. jj q Kains. 



doronicoides, 16. 

 giganteus, 13. 

 grosse-serratus, 10. 

 hirsutus, 21. 



tetiflo 

 Maximiliani, 14. 

 Missouriensis, 6. 



angustifoUils, 5. 

 annuus, 1. 

 argophyllus. 2. 

 atrorubens, 7. 

 Californicus, 1, 20. 

 cucumerifolius, 3. 

 decapetalus. 11. 

 debilis, 3. 

 divaricatus, 12. 



A. Annuals: li's. long-petioled: 

 disk brown or purplish. 

 B. Slem erect, stout, simple or 



branching above 1. 



2. 

 BB. Stem diffuse, slender, branch- 

 ing freely from the base 'i. 



iA. Perennials by creeping root- 

 stocks: Ivs. sessile or short- 

 petioled. 

 B. Disk brown or purplish, 



c. Lvs. linear, entire {except 



the lower) , sessile 4. 



5. 

 cc. Li's. ovate to broad-lanceo- 

 late, mostly toothed, nar- 

 rowed at the base into a 

 winged petiole G. 



BB, Disk yellowish, 



C. 67em smooth below, the 

 branches often slightly 

 rough or pubescent. 

 D, I/vs.pale beneath.. 



mollis. 17. 

 multitlorus. 11. 

 orgyalis. 4. 

 pumilus, 18. 

 rigidus, 6. 

 stmmosus. 9. 

 tracbelifolius, 2 

 tuberosus, 15. 



annuua 

 argophyllae 



orgyalis 

 angu3ti!olius 



rigidus 

 atrorubens 



10. 

 DD. 1/vs. green onboth sides. \\. 

 VI. 

 CC. stem rough or hairy below. 

 D. Hoof .stocks thickened in- 

 to one or more fleshy 

 tubers 1^. 



laevigatus 



strumosus 



grosse-serratua 



decapetalus 



divaricatus 



DD. Rootstocks all slender. 



E. Lower lvs. sessile or 



with a clasping 



base 1(). 



17. 

 EE. Dower lvs. short- 

 petioled. 

 F. Stem i-2 ft., not 



branching 18. 



FF. Stem usually over 



.ift.,branchiiig.W. 



giganteus 



Maximiliani 



tuberosus 



doronicoides 

 mollis 



pumilus 



laetiSlorus 

 Californicus 

 hirsutus 

 tracheliiolius 



1. Annuus, Linn. Common Sunflower. Stem 3-12 

 ft., roush-hairy, often mottled : lvs. 4-12 in. long, 

 broadly ovate, acute, the lower cordate, coarsely serrate, 

 rough on both sides : fls. 3-6 in. wide in wild specimens, 

 often 14 in cult. July-Sept. Minn, to Tex., west to 

 Wash, and Cal. Gn.27-, p.68. Gt. i3, p. 95 {as H.lenticu- 

 laris). B. R. 15:1265 (as H. lenticularis).-\ valuable 

 economic and ornamental plant. The lvs. are used for 

 fodder, the fls. yield a yellow dye, the seeds furnish an 

 oil and aroused for food. It is grown for food chiefly in 

 Russia. H. annuus has long been in cult, as an orna- 

 mental, and has varied into many distinct forms. Com- 

 mon varieties are: V:ir. CaliSOmicus, very large and 

 double; var. citrinus, with primrose-colored rays (Gn. 

 49, p. 327); var. globfisus Jistuldsus, having enormous 

 globular beads; var. n&nus fl. pi. (Globe of Gold), dwarf 

 and double, valuable for borders ; Russian Giant, 

 10-12 ft. high, single, grown mostly for seed: var.varie- 

 gEktus, with variegated lvs., but not especially attrac- 

 tive. 



2. argophyllus, Torr. & Gray. Silverv-leaved Sun- 

 flower. Stem usually 4-5 ft. high, soft grey, with a 

 dense, silky pubescence, especially the upper branches. 

 Otherwise like E. annuus, into which it seems to vary 

 under cultivation if the seedlings are not constantly 

 selected for their silky character. Texas. The var. 

 Tex&na, Hort., which does not differ botanically from 

 tbe tvpe, is an attractive form of this species. R. H. 

 1857,p.431. Gn. 12, p. 280; 27, p. 67; 55, p. 147. 



3. debilis, Nutt. {H. eucumerifdlius,ToTT. & Gray). 

 Cucumber-leaved Sunflower. Fig. 1026. St. 1-4 ft. 

 high, hairy throughout: brunches often mottled with 

 purple or white, each one bearing a fl. : lvs. 1-4 in. long, 

 ovate to triangular, generally with a cordate base, thin, 

 glossy, irregularly toothed or entire: fls. 2-3 in. wide, 

 on slender peduncles. July-Sept. Fla. to Texas and 

 westward. G.C. III. 17:167. Gt. 44, p. 571. B.M. 7432. 

 Gn. 49:1064. -This is one of the best for cut-fls. It 

 needs a sandy soil. 



1027. Clump of Helianthus orgyalis. 



4. orgyalis, DC Fig. 1027. Stem 8-10 ft. high, strict, 

 smooth, very leafy: lvs. 8-16 in. long, slightly rough, 

 drooping : lis. numerous, lemon-yellow. Sept., Oct. 

 Dry plains. Neb. to Tex. and westward. Gn. 27, p. 67; 

 55, p. 147. F.R. 2:146. — This species has distinct and 



