722 



HELIANTHUS 



HELIANTHUS 



attractive foliage, which is not at all coarse. A well 

 grown plant will produce spikes of f^y. nearly 4 ft. long. 



5. anguatifdlius, Linn. Swamp Sunflower. Stem 

 2-6 ft. high, simple or branching above, slightly rough : 

 Ivs. 2-7 in. long, somewhat tufted, drooping, with rolled 

 edges, smooth or slightly rough: fls. 2-3 in. wide, few 

 or snlitarv. Aug.-Oct. Wet land, N. Y. to Fla., west to 

 Ky. and Tex. B.M. 2051. 



6. ri^dus, Desf. {H. Missourihtsis, Schwein.). St. 

 1-3 ft. high (rarely 5-8 ft.), strict, sparingly branched, 

 rough or hairy: Ivs. (i-V2 in. long, oblong to ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, firm, thick, rough-hairy, entire or slightly 

 toothed: fls. 2!2— I in. wide, showy, long-stalked; raysnu- 

 merous, about IK in. long ; disk sometimes yellow at 

 first, turning brown. Aug.-Oct. Mich, to Tex. and west 

 to Col. B.R. 6:508 (asfl'. atroriibeiis). B.M. 2020 (as if. 

 diffiisiis). B.M. 2668 (as ff. atrornhevs). Gn. 27, p. 68.- 

 After H. decapetalns this species is one of the best 

 perennial Sunflowers. It varies under cultivation chiefly 

 in the direction of doubling and in lengthening the 

 blooming period. Some of the best garden varieties 

 are aestivalis, grandifldrus, semi-plenus and Jliss Mel- 

 lish. 



7. atrdrubens, Linn. Purple-disk Sunflower. St. 

 2-5 ft. high ; Ivs. usually thin, sometimes hoary be- 

 neath : fls. about 2 in. across; rays few (10 to 16), 

 rarely over 1 in. long; disk dark red. Otherwise like 

 S. riijiiliis, to which it is inferior. Va. to Fla., west to 

 Ohio and La. 



8. Isvigitus, Torr. & Gray. Stem 2-5 ft., simple or 

 branched above: Ivs. .3-6 in. long, lanceolate, smooth, 

 entire or slightly toothed : fls. 1-lH in. broad, few or 

 solitary; rays 6-10, usually less than 1 in. long. Aug.- 

 Oct. Va. to N. C. 



mm 



1028. Helianthus decapetatus. var. multiflorus. 

 (See species No. 11.) 



9. strumosus, Linn. St. 3-7 ft. high, usually branch- 

 ing, often glaucous: Ivs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, 

 rough above, entire or toothed : fls. 2%-i in. across; 

 rays 8-15, 1-lJ^ in. long. July-Sept. Open woods, Can. 

 to Ga. and west to Wis. and Ark. Var. mbllis, Torr. 

 & Gray. Lvs. downy beneath. B.M. 3689 (asJ. jno»is. 

 Lam. ). 



10. grdsse-serritus. Martens. St. 6-10 ft. high, very 

 smooth, glaucous: lvs. long-lanceolate, slender-petioled. 



rough above: fls. many, cymose, 1-3 in. broai. Aug.- 

 Oct. Pa. to Mo., south to Tex. — Passes into i/. gtganteiis. 



11. decapfitalus, Linn. Stem 2-5 ft. high, branched 

 above: lvs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lauceolate, sharply ser- 

 rate, thin, rough above, finely pubescent beneath : fls. 

 2-3 in. across, numerous; rays 

 generally more than 10, in spite 

 of the specific name. July-Sept. 

 Moist soils, Quebec to Ga., west to 

 Mich, and Ky. G. C. 11. 16:601.- 

 Under cult, it has given rise to the 

 horticultural var. multifldrus (H. 

 )«HHirtdi-HS,Hort.). Fig. 1028. B.M. 

 227. G.C. III. 10:421. Gn. 27:476, 

 pp. 71,74; 45, p. 373. Gt.43,p,554 

 Gng. 3:83. F.R. 2:413. The many 

 garden forms of var. vtnftiflnnis 

 diller mainly in the extent of doub- 

 ling, season of blooming, habit of 

 plant and size of fl. Among the 

 best are : Var. fldre pUno and var. 

 grandi!16rus, almost completely 

 double; var. m&jor, fls. larger than 

 common ; var. m&ximus, very large, 

 single fls. with pointed rays; Soliel ' 

 d'Or, with quilled florets, like a 

 Cactus Dahlia. Multiflorus varie- 

 ties are the most popular of peren- 

 nial Sunflowers, and deser- 

 vedly so. If the double forms 

 are grown on poor soil, or are 

 allowed to remain for several 

 years without being divided, 

 they become single. 



12. divaricitus, Linn. Fig. 

 1029. Stem 1-0 ft. high: lvs. 

 sessile, rough above, pubes- jpjg 



cent beneath, standing out Helianthus divaricatus. 

 nearly at right angles to the 



stem : fls. few or solitary, 2 in. across. July-Sept. 

 Dry woodlands. Can. to Fla., west to Neb. and La. 



13. gigantSus, Linn. Indian Potato. Stem 3-12 ft. 

 high, stout: lvs. 3-7 in. long, lanceolate, very rough, 

 serrate or nearly entire : fls. usually several, I>2-3 in. 

 broad, mostly long-stalked; rays 10-20, barely 1 in. 

 long, cupped, pale vellow : seeds smooth. Aug.-Oct. 

 Wet gr.)uud. Can. to'Fla., west to Neb. B.M. 7555. D. 

 16.">. — Var. subtuberdsus, Bourgeau. A northern form 

 with unusually fleshy roots, which were formerly col- 

 lected by Indians for food. Hence "Indian Potato." 



14. Maximiliani, Schrad. Stem generally 2-4 ft. high, 

 sometimes 8-10: lvs. inclined to be trough-shaped: fls. 

 on short, densely pubescent peduncles ; rays 15-30, gen- 

 erally IJ^ in. long, deep yellow. Otherwise like IT. gi- 

 ga nteit s ^ ot which it is probably the western form. Aug.- 

 Oct. Dry plains, west of Mississippi river, 



15. ttiberdsus, Linn. Jerusalem Artichore. Stem 

 5-12 ft., branched above, lvs. 4-8 in., usually ovate, 

 acuminate, serrate, rough above, finely pubescent be- 

 neath: fls. several or numerous, 2-3 in. across ; rays 

 12-20: seeds pubescent. Gn. 27:68. B.M. 7545. -Fre- 

 quently cultivated for its edible tubers. See Artichoke, 



Jer 



16. doronicoides. Lam. Stem 3-7 ft. high : lvs. 4-8 in. 

 long, ovate ublong, narrowed towards both ends, rough 

 on lioth sides : fls. numerous, in loose panicles ; rays 

 12-20, broad. Otherwise as M. l(etifoHus. Aug., Sept. 

 Dry soils, Ohio to Mo. B.M. 2778 (as H. pubeseens). 



17. mdllis. Lam. Stem 2-5 ft. high, stout, very leafy, 

 hoary villose, a-t least when young ; lvs. 3-5 in. long, 

 ovate-lanceolate, white-pubescent or rough on upper 

 side: fls. solitary or few, 2-3 in. broad; rays 15-25. 

 July-Sept. Barren soils, Ohio to Ga., west to la. and 

 Tex. Gn. 55:1212. 



18. piimilUB, Nutt. Stem rough and hairy throughout: 

 lvs. only 5-7 pairs, 1-4 in. long, ovate-lanceolate : fls. 

 few, short-peduucled. Eastern Rocky Mts. and adjacent 

 plains. 



19. laetiildniB, Pers. Showy Sunfower. Stem 4-8 ft. 

 high, leafy: lvs. 4-10 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, more or 

 less serrate, rough on both sides: fls. several. 2-4 in. 



