786 



HYDRANGEA 



HYDROCOTYLE 



ing to 80 ft. in Japan: Ivs. long-petioled, broadly ovate- 

 cordate to elliptic, acute or acuminate, crenately ser- 

 rate, almost glabrous, 2-t in. long: cymes rather loose, 

 -810 in. across, with rather few sterile fls. ; styles usu- 

 ally 2: capsule with the calyx at the apex. July. Japan, 

 Sacchalin. B. M. 6788. S. Z. 54, 59, 2, 92. M. D. G. 

 1897:23&-37. S.H. 2:191-93.— A very variable species, 

 figured and described by Sieb. & Zucc. under three dif- 

 ferent names. In gardens it is often met with under 

 the name of Srhizophragma hydrangeoides, another 

 Jap.^nese climber of similar habit, which, however, is 

 easily distinguished by its sinuately dentate Ivs. and 

 Its sterile fls. having only one large cordate sepal. 



H. altissima, Wall. Allied to H. petiolaris, but less high 

 climbing, often only a spreading shnib, to 15 f t. : Ivs. ovate- 

 laaceolate: stamens 10. Himal.— if . dspera, Don. Shrub, to 

 20 ft., simiKir to H. vestita: Ivs. oblong-lanceolat«. densely pu- 

 bescent beneath: sepals usually toothed: fr. with the calyx at 

 the apex. Hlmal. Tender.— if. hirta. Sieb. & Zucc. Shrub, to 

 4 ft.: Ivs. broad-elUptic, coarsely incised-serrate: cymes without 

 sterile fls. Jap. S.Z. 62. Not very decorative.— S. robiUta, 

 Hook. f. & Thorns. {H. cyanema, Nutt.). Spreading shrub, to 

 15 ft., with large ovate Ivs., pubescent on both sides: sterile 

 fls. with toothed sepals: capsule with the calyx at the apes. 

 Hlmal. B.M.5038. Handsome in bloom, but tender.— il. pJrcns, 

 Sieb. Slender shrub, to 6 ft. : Ivs. elliptic or lanceolate, coarsely 

 serrate. 1-23^ in. : cymes rather few-fld., sterile fls. with 3 or 4 

 large, unequal sepals, white. Jap. S.Z. 60. A desirable shrub, 

 with gracefu. and delicate fls. and with the Ivs. often hand- 

 somely variegated along the veins, but tender. 



AU-RED ReHDER. 



HYDRASTIS (name of doubtful meaning). Ifcniiiiicit- 

 Idcecp. Two species of hardy herbaceous perennials, 

 one from Japan and one from N. Araer. Stem erect, 

 pubescent: Ivs. palmately 5-7-lobed, serrate: fls. green- 

 ish white, small, solitary; sepals 3, petal-like, falling 

 early; petals none; stamens many; carpels 2-ovtiled, in 

 fruit becoming aggregated berries. Requires moist 

 situations in good, rich loam and leaf-mold. Prop, by 

 division of the root, and by seed. 



Canadensis, Linn. Orange Root. Golden-seal. 

 Stem 4-10 in. long, from a thick, yellow rootstock: 

 basal Ivs. 5-8 in. broad; stem Ivs. 2, lower one petioled, 

 upper sessile and near the small flower: fr. in ovoid 

 head, the 8-12 fleshy carpels tipped with a short, curved 

 beak. April. Eastern U. S., in rich woods. B.M. .3019 

 (in flower); 3232 (in fruit). — Used in gardens for the 

 showy leaves and beautiful red fnzit ; root used in 

 medicine. K. C. Davis. 



HYDRIASTfiLE (Greek, icater and column; the tall 

 trunks growing near springs). Pahnicecf. A genus of 

 one species, a tropical Australian palm advertised by 

 perhaps only one American dealer as Kentia Wendtayi 

 diana. It is told, however, from the Kentias in foliage 

 by the leaf-segments split at the apex instead of acumi- 

 nate and not split. More fundamentally, it differs in 

 having the ovule on the side of the cell instead of at the 

 bottom, as in Kentia. In this respect it agrees with the 

 group of genera mentioned under Hedyscepe, but it 

 differs from that group in having the fls. borne in 4 

 ranks instead of spirally. Hydriastele is a spineless 

 palm with erect winged caudex: Ivs. terminal, pinnati- 

 sect; segments alternate, linear, split at the apex; mid- 

 veins covered below with caducous scales; margins thin; 

 rachis laterally compressed, dorsally convex ; face of 

 the petiole concave; sheath rather short: spadices with 

 short, wide peduncles, branched from the base, the 

 branches obtusely quadrate, long, slender, pendulous: 

 spathes 2, complete, compressed, deciduous, the lower 

 one ancipital; bracts and bractlets connate; fruit small, 

 ellips(iid:il, smooth or ribbed. For culture, see Palms. 



Wendlandiana, H. Wendl. & Drude (Kftttia Wend- 

 hiiulidiiii. F Muell.). A tall palm. Leaves many feet 

 long; segments numerous, unequal, the longest IH ft., 

 the upper ones confluent at the base, all denticulate at 

 the apex. Queensland. Jared G. Smith. 



This distinct and excellent palm has hitherto been 

 rare, but now that the seeds are being produced in tropi- 

 cal nurseries it is fast becoming popular. The seeds 

 are round, fairly hard, and resemble those of Archonto- 

 phcenix Alexandra'. The characteristic Ivs. are pinnati- 

 fid, the segments being irregtilar and somewhat jagged 

 at the apex, after the fashion of a Fish Tail palm or 



Caryota. It stands the temperature of an ordinary living 

 room better than many other palms. For rapid growth 

 it needs more heat than Howea Belmoreayia and Pars- 

 teriana. In the greenhouse a temperature of GO to 70° 

 is most congenial. A lower temperature will not hurt 

 it, but gives a slower and more compact growth. It 

 loves plenty of moisture, and frequent syringing is 

 beneficial. For potting soil, it likes rich loam, with 

 plenty of sharp sand and good drainage. The seeds and 

 seedlings should be treated more like the commercial 

 Areca, i.e., Chrysalidocarpus Intescens. It forms a sin- 

 gle stem when only 3 ft. high, and grows to a height of 

 20 ft. or more in cult. It is at its best when 10 to 15 ft. 

 high. When well established and pot-bound it loves 

 high feeding, as does Chrysalidocarpus lufescens. This 

 palm has a bright future commercially. 



H. A. SlEBBECHT. 



HYDE6CHARIS (Greek, graceful water plant) 

 Hy'lii,rh,iriihir,ir. Feogbit. a genus of one species, 

 an :ii|ii:itic' iil:[iif. grown in a few aquaria. It is found in 

 ditch, 's :ind ponds in Europe and temperate Asia. H, 

 Morsus-ranae, Linn., has floating stems resembling run- 

 ners, anil tufts of radical leaves, and submerged roots. 

 Lvs. stalked, roundish, with a heart-shaped base, rather 

 thick, about 2 in. across: peduncles of the staminate 

 plant bearing 2-3 fls. on long pedicels, which spring from 

 a spathe of 2 thin bracts: petals 3, white, stamens 3-12: 

 spathe of the pi.stillate fls. sessile among the ivs.: styles 

 6, with 2-cleft stigmas. For American Frogbit, see Lim- 

 nobium. 



Hydrocharis dies in the fall, but winter buds (see 

 similar buds of Elodea, Fig. 759) break oil and sink 

 when the old plants die. In spring, or in the green- 

 house or aquarium under genial conditions, they start 

 early into growth, the scales bursting and ayoung leaf de- 

 veloping and then the whole rises to the surface. It is a 

 very interesting plant. Its fine, silky roots are beauti- 

 ful and attractive in the aquarium, as well as the soft, 

 tender leaves and delicate flowers. Wll. Tricker. 



HYDR6CLEYS. See Limnocharis. 



HYDR0C6TYLE (Greek, water and beaker; the 

 plants thrive in moist places, and the roundish lvs. have 

 a cup-like depression in the middle). Umbellifer(v. 

 This includes a plant which, according to J. N. Rose, is 

 considerably used at Washington, D.C., for carpet bed- 

 ding under the name of II . sibtlwrpioides, but, like many 

 other bedding plants its name seems not to appear in 



1114. Hydrocotyle rotundilol 



the leading retail catalogues, American or foreign. Fig. 

 1114 is the only accessible picture of the plant, except 

 that in Hooker's Exotic Flora as H. nitidiila. The 

 plant has shining lvs. M-1 in. across, and is perhaps 

 perennial. It is prostrate and roots at the nodes. The 

 genus contains about 70 widely scattered species, mostly 

 inhabiting swamps, and has no near allies of garden 

 value. The species vary widely in habit and otherwise. 



