836 iSATis 



ISATIS (meaning obscure}. Crncifera>. This includes 

 the Dyer's Woad, /. tinctoriu, formerly cult, for a blue 

 dye, but no longer advertised. Csesar relates that the 



1184. Isoloma TydEca(X>2). 



ancient Britons used the Woad for staining their bodies, 

 and the word Britain itself comes from an old Celtic 

 word meaning painted. Before indigo became common 

 in Europe, the Dyer's Woad produced the chief blue 

 coloring matter for woolen cloth. The introduction of 

 indigo in the seventiiuth cioitury destroyed this im- 

 portant industry, not witliout c.pposition. Dioscorides 

 and Pliny mention Imlli tin' Dvit's Woad and indigo. 



/. tineldria, Linn., is ratlier tall, glabrous and glau- 

 cous: stera-lvs. lanceolate, entire, sessile, somewhat ar- 

 row-shaped: fls. small, yellow, borne in early summer, 

 on panicled racemes. Instead of apod, opening length- 

 wise by valves, it has a closed fruit like on the samara 

 of an ash, 1-celled, 1-seeded. indehiscent, wing-like. It 

 is a biennial, and common in Europe. 



ISCHAKUM. See Biarnm. 



ISMfiNE. Now referred to ITjimenocaUis. 



ISNAKDIA. Includes a few species of Lmlwigia. 



ISOCHiLUS (Greek, c^KoZ ?ip). OrchidHceo'. A genus 

 of no commercial value. Plants epiphytic, with tall, 

 slender, leafy stems, without pseudobulbs, bearing a few 

 small fls. at the summit. Sepals erect, free, keeled ; pet- 

 als similar but plane ; labellum like the petals and united 



ISOLOMA 



with them to the base of the column, somewhat sigmoid 

 below the middle: column erect, long, without wings: 

 pollinia 4. About 5 species in Braz., Mex., and W. Ind. 



lineiriB, R. Br. Slender, 1-lJ^ ft. high, leafy: Ivs. dis- 

 tichous, linear, striate, obtuse, emarginate, 1,^2 in. long: 

 fls. purple, borne in a short, terminal spike. March. 

 (Trowing on rocks and trees in thick woods, Jamaica, 

 Trinidad, Brazil, etc. B.R. 9:745. L. B.C. 14:1341. 



H. HAS.SELBRING. 



IS6LEPIS. See Scirpus. 



ISOLdMA [equal border). Gesner- 

 I lutUideii Tyd(va . Sixty or more 

 ] I 1 American plants, very closely 

 II It Gesneria and Achimenes. 

 I in (Tcsneria distinguished by ab- 

 s 1 i.e of well-formed tubers and char- 

 1 ttrs of capsule and anthers, and the 

 ) lobes of the disk equal; from Achim- 

 enes m the more tubular flowers and 

 lobed disk. The culture is the same 

 as for Achimenes and Gesneria. Seeds 

 of the iiewerhybrids germinatequickly, 

 and plants bloom the same year. It is 

 probable that the pure species are not 

 in the trade. Like Achimenes, Ges- 

 neria and Gloxinia, they have been 

 much hybridized and varied. It is 

 probable that they are hybridized with 

 Achimenes and Gesneria. Tydaea is a 

 garden genus. It is not known how 

 the current forms have originated. 

 Some of the recent ones have fringed 

 fls. (Gn. 55:1223). 



Tyiaea {Achiminesplcta, Benth. Ty- 

 daa picta, Dane. ). Fig. 1184. One to 2 

 ft., hairy: Ivs. cordate-ovate, coarsely 

 serrate, spotted and reticulated with 

 pale green or silvery green, with a 

 broad light zone down the center: fls. 

 single, on long, axillary stems, nod- 

 ding, the orifice oblique and lobes ob- 

 tuse, the upper longirudinal half of the 

 fl. red, the lower half vellow and red- 

 s|i..tt(..l. ('iilombia. B.Sl.tl'Jf, (adapted 

 ]ii Fii;. llsn. K.R.31:4'J. F.S. 1:17- 

 Is. — On this species Decaisne founded 

 the genus Tyda?a in 1848. This species 

 has been called Isoloma pictnm, but 

 this name was taken by Planehon in 

 18.")0 to '51 for the Gesneria picta of 

 Hook., which is a very different plant. 

 See F.S. G:586. B.M.4431. This latter 

 plant, the first Isoloma pictnm, is ap- 

 parently not in commerce. 



amdblle, Mottet {Tydwa amdbllls, Planch. & Lind.). 



rect, hairy: Ivs. ovate, more or less tapering to the 



1185. Isoloma Jaliscanum (X K). 



petiole, bluntly serrate, purplish on the veins : Rs. 

 hairy, pendent, dark rose dotted with purple, paler inside. 

 Colombia. B.M. 4999. R.H. 1859, p. 25. F.S. 10:1070. 



