844 



JASMINUM 



Summer. Madeira. B.M. 285. — It is an erect, glabrous 

 shrub with straight, stiff, terete or faintly angular 

 branches. 



12. nudiflorum, Lindl. {J. Sieboldi<im()n, Blume). 

 Twiggy, nearly erect shrub with 4-angled glabrous stitf 

 brauchlets: Ivs. opposite, small, with 3 little ovate cili- 

 ate Ifts., the entire foliage falling in autumn or when 

 the growth is completed: fls. solitary, in early spring (or 

 winter), from long, scaly buds, subtended by several or 

 many small leaf-like bracts, 5'ellow; calyx lobes leafy 

 and spreading or retiexed, shorter tban the corolla tube; 

 corolla segments obovate, often wavy. China. B.R. 

 32:48. B.M. 4649. R.H. 1852:201. G.C. III. 11:181. -A 

 most interesting plant, reminding one of Forsy thia when 

 in bloom. Hardy south of Washington, and blooming 

 nearly all winter. With protection, it will stand as far 

 north as Hudson river valley, and bloom very early in 

 spring. In northern glasshouses, used mostly as a late 

 winter and early spring bloomer. Strong-growing speci- 

 mens need support. 



J. anguldre,'Viihl. Fls. very long-tiibed, white: Ivs. opposite- 

 ternate. S. Afr. B.M. Q86^.—J. calcdrmim, Muell. (J. Novj© 

 Zelandicum. Bosse), is a spring- and summer-blooming Aus- 

 tralian species with white fls. and simple, opposite, thick, 3- or 

 5-nerved Ivs.— J", didymum, Forst. Climber: fls. small, white, 

 in nan-ow axillary cymes which exceed the Ivs.: Ivs. opposite, 

 ternate; Ifts. often retuse. Austral. B.M. 6349.— J. friiticans, 

 Linn. Bushy: branches angular: Ivs. alternate, small, ternate. 

 the Ifts. obovate: fls. yellow. Mediterranean region, B.M.4G1. 

 —J. polydnthuni, Franch., a recent Chinese species in the way 

 of J. grandiflorura, may be expected to appear in cult. Fls. 

 white inside, reddish outside, long-tubed: Ivs. opposite, with 

 about 5 loug-acuminate Ifts. R.H. 1891, p. 270.—/. pubigerum, 

 Don. Much like J. humile, but fls. smaUer and plant villous. 

 Iii^i»- L. H. B. 



JATBOFHA (Greek, referring to .ts medicinal use). 

 EnphorbidceiE. This includes the French Physic Nut, J. 

 Cnrcas, which is grown commercially iu the Cape Verde 

 Islands for the seeds, which yield a purgative oil re- 

 sembling castor oil. It is also grown for ornament in 

 S. Fla. and S. Calif. About 68 species of tropical herbs 

 or tall shrubs: Ivs. alternate, petiolate, usually palmately 

 lobed: fls. at the tips of branches in forking cymose 

 panicles, monoecious; calyx 5-parted; corolla twisted; 

 stamens 10 or fewer: column surrounded by 5 glands: 

 capsule 2-3-seeded. 



multihda, Linn. Shrubby, 5-10 ft. high: Ivs. long- 

 petioled, 7-9-parted, glabrous, not glandular; segments 

 pinnatifid ; stipules many'-parted, the divisions bristly: 

 cymes umbel-like: petals distinct, 3 times as long as the 

 calyx; stamens 8-10. Tropics; naturalized in Jamaica 

 and common there.— Cult, at Santa Barbara, by Fran- 

 ceschi, who says its curioiisly divided leaves and scarlet 

 flowers are very ornamental, and adds that it is called 

 "Coral Bush." 



Gurcas, Linn. French Phvsig Nut. Suhshrub, 6-12 

 ft. high : Ivs. subcordate-roundish, angular or obsoletely 

 3-5-lobed, glabrous ; stipules deciduous : corolla 5- 

 parted, villous inside, twice as long as the calyx; sta- 

 mens 10-15. Tropics.— A weed at St. Vincent. Reasoner 

 says it grows 20 ft. high. 



goss^pifolia, Linn. Subshrub, a few feet high: Ivs. 

 long-petioled, 5-parted, with prominent gland-tipped 

 hairs on the margin, petioles and many-parted stipules, 

 those on the petioles branched: petals distinct, dark 

 purple; stamens 8-10. Tropics. L. B.C. 2:117. B.R. 

 9:746.— Long cultivated for ornament. Has been re- 

 cently advocated as a specific for leprosy. 



J. stimulosa, Michx., the Spurge Nettle, is a common weed 

 in the South. J. B. S. NORTON. 



JEFFERSONIA (after Thomas Jefferson, third presi- 

 dent of the U. S.). Berberiddcew. A genus of 2 species, 

 one of which is a native hardy herbaceous perennial 

 plant, growing about 8 in. high, with characteristic foli- 

 age and a naked scape, bearing a solitary white (some- 

 times reddish) flower in May. Distinguished from the 

 group of cultivated allies mentioned under Epimedium 

 by the following characters : Ivs. 2-parted: sepals 4 : 

 petals 8, larger than the sepals, and flat; stamens 8: ovules 

 in an indefinite number of series along the venter. The 

 capsule is half-circumscissile near the top. making, with 

 the scape, an object resembling a pipe. Mn. 5, p. 220. 



hinkta., Bart. (J. diphi) /la, Pers.). Fig. 1192. Becom- 

 ing l(j-liiin. high in fruit: Ivs. glaucous beneath, 3-6 in. 

 long, 2-4 in. wide: fls. 

 about 1 in. across. 

 Woods. E. Pa. to Va. 

 andTeun. B.B.2:92. 



JERUSALEM AR- 

 TICHOKE. See Ar- 



fichokr, J,rns>ilim. 

 J. Cherry. Solanum 

 Psettdo-capsicum. J. 

 Cross. Lychnis Chal- 

 eedonica. J, Oak. 

 Chenopodium Bn- 

 trys. J. Sage. Phlo- 

 mi.H fruticosa. J. 

 Thorn. Parkinsonia 

 ac,(h-nta. 



JESSAMINE \^ Jasininum offic 

 nale. Cape Jessamine is Gardeni 

 jasminoides. Malayan Jessamine 

 Bhyncospermum jashihioidt .•i. 



JEWEL WEED. Impatiens awn 



and bl flora. 



or JIMSON WEED 



JIMPSON 



Cou>.n\t Va I Kva. 



JOB'S TEARS. Coi 



JOE-PYE WEED. IJupatorium \ 

 purparvum. jl 



JOHNNY APPLESEED. See Appleaeed, Johnnij. 



JOHNSON GRASS. J ndropogon Halepensis. 



JONQUIL. See Narcissus. 



JOVE'S FRUIT. Benzoin n)rUs.^ifoh'i(w. 



JUBZEA I after Juba, king of Numidia). Pahndcefr, 

 This includes the Wine Palm of Chile, J. spectabilis^ 

 which in this country is cult, outdoors in S.Calif, and 

 in the North under glass. "It is one of the hardiest 

 palms," says Franceschi, "and can endure drought and 

 many degrees of cold. If liberally treated, it makes a 

 large tree in a few years." A full-sized trunk yields 

 about 90 gallons of sugary sap, which is boiled by the 

 Chileans and called palm honey. There is some danger 

 of the species being exterminated in Chile. The fruits 

 look like diminutive cocoanuts, and are called Coquitos, 

 or by the trade "Monkey's Cocoanuts." In Europe, it is 

 cult, under glass, and also used for subtropical bedding. 



Jnbcpa spectdbilis is a handsome and satisfactory 

 palm for the cool palm house, where it would be treated 

 in common with such plants as Chamarops huniilis, 

 the Sabals and Euterpe nioutana, which may be grown 

 well in a night temperature of 50°, providing the plants 

 are properly established. In general appearance, J, 

 spectabiJis reminds one of some kinds of Phoenix, and, 

 like them, does not show the true character of its foli- 

 age in a very small state, the seedling Jubiea producing 

 several simple Ivs. before developing foliage of the pin- 

 nate type. In Jubisa, however, the lower piniisp do not 

 revert to spines, as is usually the case with Phoenix, 

 and the pinnae are also arranged irregularly on the mid- 

 rib, thus giving the fronds a feathery effect. The cul- 

 ture of Jubaea is by no means difficult, propagation be- 

 ing effected by means of imported seeds, which usually 

 give a fair percentage of germination, providing they 

 are started in a warmhouse and kept moist. The seed- 

 lings should be potted as soon as the second leaf ap- 

 pears, and kept in a warmhouse until they are large 

 enough for a 4-inch pot, and from this time forward 

 cooler treatment will give the best results, always re- 

 membering the fact that while many palms (and Jubs'a 

 among the number), will bear much neglect, yet the 

 best results are only to be had by giving plenty of nour- 

 ishment, 



JubBea has 2 species of tall, unarmed S. Americnn 

 palms: caudex thick, covered with the bases of the 



