KCELERIA 



smooth, scabrous or hirsute : Ivs. 1-12 in. Ions, fli>t or 

 involute: spikelets 2-5-fld. July-Sept. Widely vlistri- 

 Duted in N. Amer. in sandy and prairie soil. B.B. 1:194. 



W. M. 



KtELREtJTfiRIA (Joseph G. Koelreuter, 1733-1806, 

 pnifissur lit' iiatiirul history at Karlsruhe). Sapinddce<F. 

 All arlMirisciiit yims of about 3 species occurring in 

 Cliiiui and Japau, one o£ which is K. paniculata, a me- 

 dium-sized, irregular, round-headed tree, 25-30 ft. high, 

 with large, compound, irregularly toothed Ivs., yellow 

 fls. in July and large, bladdery fruits in panicles in 

 autumn. It is hardy in Mass., although single limbs 

 are occasionally killed back in winter. It also endures 

 dry weather and hot winds in the West. It is of easy 

 culture, but requires a fairly rich soil. As an ornament 

 it may he used as a single specimen, though not a par- 

 ticularly refined tree, or it may be mixed with other 

 genera in the woody border. It is prop, by seeds, which it 

 ripens early and freely, by layers in autumn, by cuttings 

 of the young branches in spring, and by root-cuttings. 



panicul&ta, Laxm. [Sapindus Chininsis, Murr. ). 

 Varnish Tree. Lvs. deciduous, alternate, 12 in. long, 

 unequally pinnate, without stipules; Ifts. ovate, largely 

 and irregularly dentate, glabrous, in 4-7 pairs, opposite 

 and alternate: fls. yellow, K in. long, in large, upright, 

 terminal, mauy-fld. panicles, sepals 5; petals 3— t, hy- 

 pogynous, irregular, each claw with a scale-like appen- 

 dage, the disk enlarging before each petal; stamens 5-8: 

 ovary oblong, pubescent, becoming a 3-lobed, 3-celled 

 bladdery, inflated, triangular pod, lH-2 in. long, usually 

 red, becoming brown, borne in large, erect panicles. 

 G.C. III. 2:561. Gng. 2:353 and 8:219. Gn. 32, p. 378. 



K. bipinndta, Pranch. A vigorous tree, 60 ft. high, with 

 doubly pinnate lvs. over 2 ft. long, growing in W. China. R.H. 

 1888, p. .393. 6n. 34,p.305.— A". J'a/)()iu<-a,Sieb. A more branched 

 form with deeply cut lvs. and smaller fruit, but not specifically 

 distinct from K. paniculata. A. PhelpS Wyman. 



K(ENIGA, See Aliissiim. 



KOHLRABI (Brassica oleracea, var. eaulo-rapa). 

 Fig. 1212. 'I'his plant exhibits a remarkable variation 

 from the normal form of the specific type, as represented 

 by the cabbage. A prominent writer on vegetables, re- 

 ferring to the botany of the plant, says: "It comes be- 

 tween the cabbage and turnip." Had this reference been 

 made to the edible portion it would be literally true. In 

 the turnip the edible part is the swollen root; in the 

 cabbage it is the fleshy and tightly curled leaves, while in 

 the Kohlrabi it is the globular enlargement midway be- 

 tween root and top. This plant is mainly grown for cattle 

 food. It is but little known in America. In France and 

 Germany its usefulness is generally recognized. In Italy 

 the partially developed stems are used as substitutes 

 for cauliflower and cabbage. It is not likely that as a 

 cattle food it will grow in popularity in this country, 

 as rape is better adapted for sheep-grazing purposes, 

 and turnips can be grown with equal ease and kept 

 through winter with greater satisfaction. Us treatment 

 in the garden is essentially that of early cabbage. The 

 plants are very hardy. For very early crop it is de- 

 sirable to start them in a hotbed." If properly hardened 

 off, they may be set out as soon as the frost is out of 

 the ground. Plant and cultivate like early cabbages. 

 The seed of main field crop may be sown directly in the 

 hill. The rows should be 2'^ ft. apart, and the hills 2 ft. 

 apart in the row. Several seeds are planted in each 

 hill, and all plants pulled out but one, after danger of 

 destruction by flea-beetle is over. Many growers in the 

 western states follow this plan in growing late cabbages, 

 as well as kale and brussels sprouts. The seed may be 

 planted, according to locality, from May 10 to June 20. 

 When the plants are grown in the seed bed the treat- 

 ment is essentially the same as that described under 

 Cabbage. In northern regions, only the early varieties 

 should be grown on account of the slowness of the plant 

 in maturing. No special effort seems to have been made 

 to develop many distinct varieties of Kohlrabi. The 

 two leading types are the Purple and the White Vienna, 

 which mature sufficiently for table use in 2H-3 months 

 from time of sowing seed; the common white requires 

 3-t months to reach edible size, and much longer to at- 

 tain maturity. Where corn is largely grown as a cattle 



KEIGIA 



861 



1212. Kohlrabi 



food, the culture of Kohlrabi is not likely to extend. 

 Vilmorin describes Artichoke-leaved and Neapolitan. 

 Other varieties are Erfurt, Goliath, Green, Imperial, 

 Late Purple, Purple Vienna, Short-leaved Vienna, White 

 Forcing, and White 

 Vienna. Persons who 

 like turnips will also 

 like Kohlrabi. The al- 

 most universal error 

 in using it is to allow 

 the tubers to get too 

 large. When they are 

 partially grown they 

 are soft and palatable. 

 Cabbage worm and 

 clubroot are the most 

 important enemies. 

 Consult, also, Brassica 

 and Cabbage. 



John Craiq. 

 Kohlrabi may be 

 grown, bunched and 

 put on the market in 

 exactly the same man- 

 ner as early table beets 

 are handled. In our 

 eastern cities, where 

 the population consists 

 to a large extent of 

 people of German ex- 

 traction. Kohlrabi foi 

 table use is in good de- 

 mand, or such a de- 

 mand is easily culti- 

 vated. We find it an 



easy crop to grow, and invariably profitable, simply be- 

 cause few gardeners make a specialty of it. As early 

 in spring as the ground can be brought into best shape, 

 sow seed in rows with the drill, the rows to be about 18 

 inches apart, and afterwards thin the plants to stand 

 4 to 6 inches apart in the rows. Begin pulling and 

 bunching when the bulbs have attained a size of 2 to 3 

 inches in diameter. Make successional sowings to keep 

 up a continuous supply of the tender bulbs. They grow 

 tough when nearing full development and maturity. 

 Plants often winter well on their summer stems, and 

 seed may be grown from them. t. Greiner. 



KOLA. See Cola. 



KONJAK. See Conophalliis Konjak. 



KBAOSSIA (C. F. F. Krauss, of Stuttgart, collected 

 plants at the Cape, and wrote on South Sea corals). 

 Ruhi&eetf. K. lanceolata is a shrub cultivated in 

 southern Florida, bearing small white fls. in axillary, 

 many-fld. cymes % in. or more long. K. coriacea of the 

 trade will be found under Tricalysia, an allied genus, 

 in which the fls. do not have a densely bearded throat, 

 as in Kraussia, but are quite glabrous. Kraussia has 3 

 species of shrubs from the Cape of Good Hope: lvs. 

 opposite, short-stalked, entire, leathery, elliptical or 

 lanceolate : stipules short, persistent, grown together 

 into a small cup : corolla broadly funnel-shaped ; lobes 

 5: ov.ary 2-ceIled: berry pea-shaped, 1-3-seeded. E.N. 

 Reasoner writes that the Kraussias have been frozen so 

 many times in Florida that he has never seen them in 

 flower. 



lanceoUta, Sond. Branches yellowish, 4-grooved: lvs. 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 3-3H in. long, 8-10 lines wide: 

 filaments exserted, nearly as long as the anthers : 

 stigma 2-cut, one-third as long as the style. 



KRtGIA (David Krig or Krieg, an early collector in 

 Maryland and Delaware). Composite. Five species of 

 hardy herbaceous plants, annual and perennial, yel- 

 low-fld. and sometimes called "Dwarf Dandelions." 

 They differ from the common dandelion in having a 

 pappus composed of both chaff and bristles, instead of 

 bristles alone. They are natives of the Atlantic states. 

 Three perennial species are cult, by dealers in native 

 plants. These have heads about 1 in. across and 15-20 



