LILIUM 



LILIUM 



915 



this disease than the Japan species. The disease is coni- 

 moa in our wild Lilies and is sometimes found ou them 

 in their natural habitat. In cultivation the disease often 

 ruins flowers, foliage and the stalks of h. Canadeitse 

 without seeming to affect the bulbs. It is eoramon on L. 

 ciDulidum, and we now seldom flud biillis intiiely free 

 from it. The Bordeaux mixture has Imm-u I'MiimI beue- 

 ticlal in fighting the Lily disease, bill tiir Ix^t results 

 are attained by using it as a preventivf, applying it to 

 the foliage before any blight appears. 



In planting new bulbs, it is well to use ground that 

 has not had Lilies for some years. All stalks and foli- 

 age affected by blight shouhi be removed and burned, 

 and blighted bulbs and scales, especially .such as are 

 worthless from decay, should be burned, as these may 

 help to propagate the disea.se. 



As a rule, Lilies like a rich soil, hut it seems to be the 

 general opinion of all who have had experience in grow- 

 ing them that manures (particularly fresh manures) 

 should not be allowed to come in contact with the bulbs. 

 Many advocate the application of all manures as a 

 mulch, letting the rains carry down their fertilizing in- 

 gredients. When the enrichment is not allowed to t-ome 

 in contact with the bulbs, but is placed within tli.- n;irli 

 of the extended roots from the bulb, well c.mpi.st.d 

 manures seem not injurious. Lilies, as a ruh-, do better 

 when set at considerable depth. They seem to resist 

 drought better, and the bulbs are no doubt kept cooler 

 in hot weather. Most Lilies throw out manv roots along 

 their stems between tlie top of the bulb and the surface 

 of the soil, and deep settinir i^ rather ner, v-ary to this 

 root-grou'tli. Deep s|iailini,- sli.nilil ir.i with ile,.|: setting, 

 and it is not too muL'h to say that the giouiid sluiuld be 

 spaded twice as deep as the bulbs are placed. Sphagnum 

 moss has been found beneficial to some species. Among 

 such are L, anratum and candidum. Two or three inches 

 of the fresh moss may be placed under the bulbs. It 

 has been used with success under others, and is espe- 

 cially good for L. teatacexim. 



Lilies are propagated from seed, from scales and from 

 offsets. With one or two exceptions, the production of 

 bulbs from seed is a very tedious process. Several spe- 

 cies seldom, if ever, produce seed in this country. 

 Among these maybe nientioneil L. randiditm, speciosiim, 

 testaeeinii, mnenlaliini. liroini i i . I nj ri mi iii . Chalcedoni- 

 cum, and some varieties of iliijau^. .'-^eme species, such 

 as L. oil »•«(»(«, seldom t.'eniiiniite until the second sum- 

 mer after planting. L. I'tnn in! tmn is, however, an ex- 

 ception to most species, I'l.i- leM only does the seed ger- 

 minate the first year, but it is not rare for some of the 

 bulbs to bloom the second summer. 



In growing Lilies from scales, it is a good plan to re- 

 move outside scales from strong bulbs when (piite ripe 

 or in early spring, and plant these scales where they 

 will be kept moist and warm. They generally change 

 into bulblets the tirst seas.ni and make a fairly irood 

 growth by the second autumn. If well cared for they 

 are large enough to sell by autumn of the third season. 

 Liliiim tiqrinum, buJhiferuin and sulphitreinn have 

 bulblets in the axils of their leaves, which, if gathered 



as soon as mature, may be planted, 1 wiih gi,nd care 



usually bloom the thir.i ..r fniiitl, year. In niaiiy other 

 kinds offsets fmin aloni; the st, nis heneath ilie surface 

 and down to the bulb, which, when planted out, make 

 good bulbs in about '.i years. 



Liliuni loiiffifloi'uin, J/aximotoicaii, especially the red 

 variety, and most of the varieties of eleqans, have a 

 large number of offsets along their stems under the sur- 

 face of the ground. The number is larger in seasons 

 when plenty of rain comes during their growth thim in 

 dry seasons. L. candidum is set with best results as 

 soon as the foliage begins to turn in Anmist; and it is 

 at this same season that its scales sbnuld lie planted for 

 propagation. When good, healthy scales nf this species 

 are planted out early, they usually change the same 

 utumn into bulbs, and most of them will send up leaves 



before winter. 



F. H. HoRSFORt). 



that have held their own, but have not increased, are 

 L. MaxlmouHczii, pomponlitm, Purenaicum, eleqana 

 semi-pleno and elegans incomparahlli'-. Those that have 

 increased and been perfectly hardy are L. *longi- 

 ffofum, *Broivnu, *ct'oeeK.m, *Batmauni(e, ^Wallacei^ 

 maculatum, *Dahurhii iii . ihi/a us and vars. *i'ilriiiiim 

 and others, //. Hiijrhnnn . /njfiwnH , var. Forliniii and 

 flore-pleno, L. speciitsiiiH \ars. a/h/ftn,*rnseum, ruhrifm 

 and *Melpomene, L. *Jlatla<jiiu, *snperhum, *pardutl- 

 num, ^testaceum, *pompoHiitni. Those starred (*) aro 

 the most satisfactory. It would be well to warn growers 

 that in the average garden L. auratum, in all its varie- 

 ties, will not last more than 2 or 3 years without renew- 

 ing. Some of the more expensive varieties flower only 

 once. 

 An imfiortant characteristic of Lilies is perfume, a 



point ill wlli.Oi thev .litVei- VelV tiniel,. It is VTV stiun- 

 in L. .■,ljnh.hf„i. h.ii,i,ll..r,i,„ ami the ,n, i-a t ii n, .< . aii.l 

 the atnicispliere is full of the deli,-i,,ns ..dor on a .|niet 

 evening. It is fainter in L, iestucfum, and rank in 

 //. croceitm and related species, and a positive stench 

 in L. pompntilum — a\inost tinendurable in the garden 

 and unbearable in the house. Beautiful as L. pom- 

 /'■'tiiinii is in color and habit, the odor outweighs these 

 ;;<.,, (I i.i.iiits, and makes it undesirable and not to be 

 recommended. r. b. Whyte. 



The Easter Lily.— In North America a tall and 

 large-flowered rorm of Lilium ionijiflorum, and one that 

 can be readiiy forced in a relatively high temperature, 

 has come to be known as the Ea tir Lily This variety 

 was mtroduced from Bermuda About ISTI a Philadel- 

 phia woman in retuinin„ fiom Bcimudi brought with 

 her two Lilies m bl in ml jii i iili d th m to a local 

 florist The bulbs « i in i i It n linndii d in the 

 next three 01 four a n wli nth | I mt w i i en by 

 W. K Harris an ent ipi in^ I hil id. Iphia ihiiist. The 

 earlmess of I I nun., in 1 prolificacy of the bulbs were 

 striking featni ml I i to their puithase by Mr. 



Hains In Iss tin Lily was introduced under the 

 name Lihum II II 1 1 ii It had been exhibited pieviously 

 in New \ oik and Philadelphia where its e irly Howeriug 

 brought it into piominent notice While the Lily was 

 bein„ mcreisid puorto its mtiodin tion other florists 

 who had seen it weie gitbcring bulbs in Btimuda and 



Lilies in Canada. — Some of the species generally 

 recommendeii for garden culture as hardy do not stand 

 at Ottawa. Those that have failed are L. candidum 

 (of late years from disease). Krnmeri, cordifolium, 

 speciosum, Krmtzeri, Canaden.ie. Iliirrisii, aurafum, 

 and vars. pictum, platyphyllum.hfie.male, Wittei. Those 



1378. Lilium Japonicum (X Va). 



endeavoring to secure a stock. In 1882, it was also in- 

 troduced by a Philadelphia florist under a long Latin 

 name, and later by a New York florist as the Ber- 

 muda Easter Lily. Practically all of the names except 

 Lilium Hiirrixii have been discarded. To botanists it 

 is known as />. longiflorum, var. cximium. The dis- 

 tinguishing trait of //. Harrisii — m\A this gives it its 

 emphatic commercial value — is its power to stand a 

 high temperature, allowing it to be forced into bloom 



