LILIU.M 



923 



nhort nodding pedicels, brigllt scarlet. Japan and Loo-Choo 

 Islands.— i. VanUfitictim, Bernli. Bulb ovoid: stem 2-3 ft.: 

 \V8. 30-40, scattered, m:in.v mrvod. with ciliato iiKirKins: tts. ra- 

 cemose, nodding, '_' in I'Hi^', i'r;in;,'r orri-il. Kiiri-pr.. Rare in 

 cult. El.45.-i. Chirl'"!. ,i,i,'.\i..,i -I; i.riniuliimin.— i. XIa- 

 vidi. Duch. Known ..nly in li.rl.iiriuin.— A. l>,i,ii;iiii. Frani'liet. 

 A Chinese species reci-utly ili.sto\fied. and nut yet offered for 

 sale. Fls. wine red, somewhat the form of L. longidonim.— iy. 

 Fargesi, Franchet. Small, long, yellow Hs. Subgenus Marta- 

 gon. Recently from China, and not yet in the trade.—//, formo- 

 sum. Franchet. A species recently discovered in China, resem- 

 bling L. bulbifenim and elegans, but having white tls. Not in- 

 troduced.— L. Lankongi'iise, Franchet. Newly discovered in 

 Yun-nan, China. Not introduced. Subgenus Martagon.— /./, 

 Lowi, Bakfr \ ii-w l^nrinese species, having 2-3 white tls. 

 somewhat r' . n'l . _■ I '-indidura. Not yet introduced. B.M. 

 7232. (in. 1. ' '•< III. U:121.—i. 7nart«imt(,m, Kellogg. 

 Bulb small, . i'Li.. .il -i. Ml litw: Ivs. usually scattered, narrow, 

 often obtuse. iU. ^uLt.uy ur few, horizontal, 1-2 in. long, deep 

 reddish orange, spotted. Calif.— X. medeololdes. Gray. Stem 

 slender, 1-2 ft.: Ivs. several, sometimes whorled, sometimes 

 scattered: fis. 1-3, with short, erect pedicels, funnel-shaped, 

 liright orange-red with a few spots. Japan, Korea. Rare or un- 

 known in cult.—/.. i,iir,:hil,', Fr:iin'het. Anew species of the 

 subgenus Cardiocriimiu r.-mily f.iund in Su-Tchuen, China. 

 Not introduced.- iv. itnirn'rhiininti , Franchet. Recently dis- 

 covered in China. Said toll.- .1 " ni:t:;nitl''<Mit -aperies, recalling 

 L W.allichi.auum " Not yet in lli-- li:..l.-; „,i,.l„„i, H..rt. 

 Bulb oblong, subrhizom<atoiis, wii h .rnuij'-il .i iipf ^^nl Imn-eo- 

 late scales: stem 18-24 in.lii^'li: K , 1;um . "Kii^- ~. ;il i.t.-.I and 

 in whorls: fls. 10-20, bright .v.ll.nv uiih lu.uiy r..l l.vnwn duts. 

 Not in American gardens.-/.. n,-r,,l. „l,i!r, V,u-Ay I'.nll. iliizo- 

 matous: stems 2-4 ft.: Ivs. s'':iiii-nn:; l„l,.\v, Imi inuln>rUat 

 the middle of the stem, Iaiir.-,,|M.., mnlo: iK f..«- t.i l.i, nrange- 

 red, Willi ■■vini-<..n ti!.« rill. 1 l^lpk M"'!-^ '''''I - I . <„iir,icciiin, 

 Fr;[i'''"! ' ' -'■ '■' ""'li i''- ..■.'•!i.l 1 ! n.duced.~i/. 



o,-,/y .',.•••..•;: , I I hii ['.II , I I ]■, ■ '11 trred, lanceo- 



hit.- I ,11 ll -.I,;.' [iiiiii. ; ;;,i|., ,i ..r iLMi!'. i . .1 :ile, purplish, 



till;;,.! ,nili„;u.Li luiuaih lu.. lUi.il .I..I u.i iii.,i.k.. Western 



Himalayas. Not in cult. Ki. :k—L. papilUfcruin,Fv&nehet. A 

 recently named species from Yun-nan, China. Not in the trade. 

 Fls. dirty red. Belongs with L. speciosum, etc, — L. polyphyl- 

 lii.iii, D.Don. Three-4ft. high: Ivs, 4n-fill, scattered: fls. 4-10, in 

 a loose raceme, on noddiiiu' 1....11. .Is. yillow, with piirplish 

 spots. Himahiy.as. I.H. :;.• :.i.,. /., rrunullnum. Baker. A 

 new species from Burma, willi ii.il.- v. ll..\v (Is,, somewhat re- 

 sembling L. Nepalense. B.M. 7227. -L.i'«rrfwi,Waugh. Bulb 

 like L. Colurabianum: stem 2-5 ft. high: Ivs. laneeol.ate, mostly 

 in whorls: fls. few to 10, horizontal, orange-red, thickly dotted, 

 fragrant. Washington and British Cohimbia.— i. Sntchuense. 

 Franchet. A new lily of the tenuifolinm style, with 1-4 reddish 

 orange flowers spotted with hln.k, K iitly discovered in Su- 

 Tchuen, China: not intr...lii. ..l I'.M, 7715.— i. Taliense. 

 Franchet. A recently discoMiv.! .spcns .it the subgenus Mar- 

 tagon. Pis. white or whitisli. (.'Iiiua. Not in commerce.— i>. 

 Yunnanense, Franchet. A white-rid. species, somewhat resemb- 

 ling L. Japonicum recently discovered in China. Not yet in the 

 trade. p. A. Waugh. 



LILAC. See Syringa. 



ctfil tothpsjcniis 



i-ii li.'l" 



LILY, in the narrowest .sens 

 Liliiiiii,l.ut the i.opular name 

 ].hiMt,s outsiiii- till- faiiiilv Liliiu'i-a.. .Many .,( tliiiii l.rl..ii- 

 t.i the Amaryllis family. Airican Blue L., A,jiii>inilhiis 

 nmhrUatiis. African Corn L,, I.rio. Amazon L., A'»- 

 charis Amazniiica . American Turk's Cap L., J/iliiim 

 siiperbnin. Atamasco L,, Zrplntrn iilhts Atmii'iaeo. Bar- 

 bidoes L., nippt?astrii>ii I'qiiisli-r. Belladonna L., .\>na- 

 nillix Jlelhiiloiind. Bengal L., I'l-iimm Imi'iifnliiim. 

 Bermuda L., Liliiim Il.nri^ii. Black L., Fi-itill.iria 

 Ciimlshittrriisis. Blackberry L., /I,l,i,ini inlii rhi,i,n- 

 sis. Bourbon L,, Lilimn cuiiiUiIkiii. Brisbane L., En- 

 rtieles siilvestris. Calla, h., Nirhii i;liii .KIJnopi,;i . Cape 

 L,, nrbnim Cirpense. Checkered L,, FritiUitrin Mele- 

 (iqris. Climbing L., Glorinsn anil Lilhoiid. Common 

 White L., Liliitm ,-<iii,lii!iiin. Day L., tlie bliie and white 

 ones an- Finikin.-,: the v.-U.iw ami .iram,'e ..ms Ilrinero- 

 •-■iilis. Easter L., Lilium Ilan-isii. Fairy L., Zepliii- 

 rinilhi'sroseii. Ta.ya.lh., Onilthogiiliim .1 rnlilrion . Gol- 

 den-banded L., Lilium 11 II rain III. Golden-rayed L., 

 Lilimn iniriilinn. Guernsey L., Xiriiw Sn riiieiixi.i. 

 Jacobean L., Spreki'lln f,iriiiiisis.<iiini. Kaffir L., .Vc/iLni- 

 slii/i.< i-orriiii'ii. Mariposa L., <''iln, Imrtn.^. Martagon L,, 

 Lilium .Uiirlinioii. OTB.nge L., Li li ii in rriH.ii iii . Peru- 

 vian Swamp ij., Ziphiiiniilhi .-i iiniiliihi. Plantain L., 

 Finikin. PoniL., A'^npJiar oil renii. Sacred L, of China, 

 jy,irri.i.-<i(.t Tiisettii.YHT.nrii-nliitis. Spider L, St. Ber- 

 nard's L., AnUierii-iim Liliiii/n. St. Bruno's L., P/nii- 

 dixfii Liliiixtiniii. St. James' L.. Sprekelia formo.'!ii!- 

 sima. St. Joseph's L., Lilium eundidum. liger L., 



Lilium ligriniiin. Turban L., Lilium pomponium. 

 Turk's Cap L., Lilium .Minluipni. Water L., JVijmphirii. 

 White L., Lilium iiiiulidnin. 



LILY-OF - THE - mCAS, Al.-<tr(emeria Prlrgrina. 

 See, ulrni, HgmeHOcalHs (Ismenel. 



LILY-OF-THE-PALACE. Hippecntrum unlicum. 



LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY. Convallaria mnjalis. 



LIMATODES (probably from the Greek for meadow, 

 referring to the habitat of the plants). On-hiduciir. 

 Similar to Calanthe, but the spurred labelhini is not 

 adnate to the column but closely wrapped around it. In 

 Phajus, and in Calanthe also, the Ivs. are not articulated 

 to the stem and therefore wither on the plant instead of 

 falling. 



After resting season of Limatodes is over, say from 

 February to May, shake off the old potting material. If 

 plants are large, divide them and pot them moderately 

 tight. For the American climate, chop finely some gooil, 

 turfy loam well mixed with old rotten cow manure and 

 a little leaf mold and sharp sand and place in a shaded 

 house, temperature 70^ to 1)0^. Do not water till roots 

 are well out, and sparingly till leaves are well started. 

 After that and during flower-sheath growth, they will 

 enjoy profuse waterings and spraying— water with weak 

 liquid at intervals of 10 days or so, and every plant will 

 be a marvel of beauty. 



rdsea, Lindl, (Citliinlhe rd.iea,Benth.). Pseudobulhs 

 4-8 in. long, pyriform or fusiform, grooved: Ivs. 8-18 in. 

 long, elliptie-ianceolate, a.-uminate, plicate; scape from 

 the base of the pscudolmlli, 12-18 in. long, slender, bear- 

 ing a many-fid. villous raceme: fls. large, rosy, IH in. 

 across ; sepals ovate-lauceolate : petals oblong, acute ; 

 lip 1% in. long, with a large obovate-oblong midlobe; 

 base yellow, edged with scarlet. Jan. Burma. B.M, 5,312. 

 — A hybrid of this species and Cnlanthe iiesHta, Lindl., 

 is cominoM in cultivation under the name Calanthe 

 I'litrliii, l.imll., which see. .John Saul said L. rosea 

 bore Ms. as large as those of Calanthe Veifchii, and 

 more brilliant in color. 



Heinkich H.issELBRiNO and Wm. Mathews. 



LIME. The use of l.ime in agriculture antedates the 

 Christian era. In iii...l.'vii tinier it has been an indis- 

 pensable adjunct ti. |..ii;is-i,., |.h..^|.liaticand nitrogenous 

 manures in restonn^' an. I uiaintaiiiing the fertility of 

 immense areas of soil derived from sandstone, granite, 

 mica schist and cert.ain shales and slate. Without its 

 use the wonderful transformation of Limousin in France, 

 the sandv regions of Germany, and particularly the 

 n.-lainatinii o( llie s.nir peat ( lloeh-inoor) soils of north- 

 ern (ierminiy w.iiild have been ditlieult or impossible. 

 I'vi-n limestoTif soils sonietinies become so lacking in 

 Lime near the surface that they staiul in great need of 

 its application. 



The necessity of Lime as a direct food for the higher 

 orders of plants has been indisputably demonstrated. 

 Its physiological role is of the greatest significance. It 

 serves also as an indirect food by transforming or set- 

 ting free other soil ingredients which plants require. 

 (1) It aids in transforming the nitrogen of organic mat- 

 ter and ammonium salts into nitric acid, which, in combi- 

 nation with potash, soda. Lime and magnesia, furnishes 

 most plants the major portion of their nitrogen. (2) It 

 appears probable that liming f;iv.>rs symbiosis and the 

 consequent assimilation of atmnspheric nitrogen in the 

 case of clovers, alfalfa and certain other legumes, while 

 it may have an opposite effect upon others, among which 

 may be mentioned serradella and lupines. (3) Lime at- 

 tacks certain more or less inert combinations of potash 

 •and of pho.sphoric acid which exist in soils, thereby ren- 

 dering their manurial constittients more readily assimi- 

 lable. 



Noxious iron compounds in soils are so acted upon by 

 Lime as to overcome their poisonous tendency. The 

 presence of carbonate of lime in soils prevents the 

 formation of sour humus and consequent injury to a 

 large class of agricultural plants. Liming makes clays 

 more friable and sandy soils more compact, thus im- 



