CAMPANULA 



commoner. It is dwarfer. much branched, with long, 

 scabrous Ivs. and pale bluish to violet fls. See Mottet's 

 translation of Nicholson, Diet. Gard. Var. div^rgens, 

 Willd., has larger lis. and broader Ivs. than the type. 

 G.C. III. 16:597. C. Siliirica usually does best when 

 treated as a biennial. 



BB. Calyx without appendages. 



c. Fls. very wide-spreading, i.e., rotate, wheel-shaped , 



almost flat. 



D. Blossoms all erect. 



28. Waldsteiniana, Roem. & Schult. Perennial : 

 height 4-0 in. : stems rigid, glabrous : Ivs. fleshy, ses- 

 sile, gray-green, lanceolate, slightly serrate-dentate, the 

 lower obtuse, the upper long-acuminate : calyx lobes 

 awl-shaped, spreading or recurved, one-fourth shorter 

 than the corolla : fls. 5-9 in a corymbose raceme IM in. 

 long, % in. wide, pale purplish blue ; corolla rotate, al- 

 most starlike, with a dark spot in the throat : pistil 

 large, white, twice the length of the corolla, with a yel- 

 low stigma. Hungary. Gn. 8, p. 173. — Not advertised 

 in America at present. 



DD. Slossoms not all erect. 

 E. Habit trailing or pendulous. 



29. frigilis, Cyrill. Perennial : height 4-6 in. : stems 

 diffuse, trailing : root-lvs. long-petioled, roundish-cor- 

 date, obtusely dentate, or crenately lobed ; stem-lvs. 

 smaller, scattered, the uppermost ovate-lanceolate : fls. 

 pale purplish blue with a white center, 1% in. wide, in 

 loose corymbs ; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, erect, almost equaling the corolla; style exserted: 

 capsule ovoid. Italy. B.M. 6504. P.M. 11:25. Gn. 8, 

 p. 174, and 47, p. 278. Var. hirsflta, DC, is a hairier 

 form.— This is the best species for hanging baskets, 

 window and veranda boxes, and for covering large 

 stones in the rockery. Prop, by cuttings in spring, the 

 roots being too fragile to divide well. Not so hardy as 

 C. Garganica. 



30. Garganica, Tenorc. Height 3-6 in. : stem diffuse: 

 lower Ivs. renifonu-cordate, crenate-dentate ; upper Ivs. 

 ovate-acute, dentate : raceme lax : peduncles 1-2-fld. : 

 calyx tube spheroid, the lobes spreading, a third or 

 fourth shorter than the glabrous corolla. Mt. Gargano 

 inltaly. B.R. 21:1768. Gn. 48, p. 295, and 43, p. 25. Var. 

 hlTsMa, Hort., is a hairier form. Gn. 46, p. 253, and 48, 

 p. 297. — "Owing to the pendent character of its flower- 

 ing branches, its proper place is against a rocky ledge, 

 over which its masses of flowers may hang."— </. C. 

 Niven. Half-shaded position. Prop, by cuttings or by 

 division. 



EE. Habit not trailing or pendulous. 



31. Elatlnes, Linn. Perennial, more or less pubescent: 

 height 5-6 in. : Ivs. cordate, coarsely and acutely den- 

 tate, lower rotund, others ovate-acute : raceme lax : 

 calyx tube spherical, the lobes spreading, linear-lanceo- 

 late, somewhat unequal, a half shorter than the rotate 

 corolla; style exserted. Piedmont. —Rare rock plant for 

 light, stony soil. 



32. Portenschlagi4na, Roem. & Schult. (C murHlis, 

 Port.). Height 6-8 in.: stems somewhat erect : Ivs. all 

 alike petiolate, cordate, roundish, acutely angular-den- 

 tate: calyx tube spheroid, lobes erect, acuminate, a third 

 shorter than the infundibuliform corolla : fls. racemose. 

 Dalmatia.— Allied to C. Garganica, but the corolla not 

 so deeply 5-cut. Little known. For conflicting descrip- 

 tions, see Gn. 8, p. 173, and 48, p. 297. 



cc. Fls. broadly bell-shaped, less widely spreading 



than in C, wider than in CCC. 



D. Height 2-3 in. 



.33. EMnerii, Perpenti. Height 2-3 in.: stems suberect, 

 branching; branches 1-3-fld.; Ivs. subsessile, ovate, dis- 

 tantly serrate, the lower smaller and obovate: calyx tube 

 obconical, the lobes long-acuminate, erect, half shorter 

 than the broadly infundibuliform corolla: fls. large, soli- 

 tary, erect, dark purplish blue : style short, not exserted : 

 capsule obovate. Mfs. near Lake Oomo. F.S. 18:1908.— 

 One of the choici-st rock iilants, but somewhat rare. 

 Several forms of tin- hybrid Campanula G. F. Wilson 

 are often cult, under this name, but their Ivs. are lighter 



CAMPANULA 



231 



green and less tomentose than C. Bainerii. Enjoys a 

 well drained, sunny position. 



DD. Height more than 2-3 in. 



34. Tendril, Moretti. Height 8-12 in., glabrous : stem 

 ascending or prostrate: Ivs. leathery; root-lvs. long-peti- 

 oled, ovate, subcordate, irregularly serrate ; stem-lvs. 

 petiolate, ovate-acute, coarsely serrate : calyx lobes 

 linear-lanceolate, spreading, half as long as the broadly 

 bell-shaped corolla : fls. racemose : capsule spherical. 

 Naples. — This is now referred to the Grecian species 

 C. versicolor, which is typically taller. In the garden, 

 C. Tenorii resembles C. pyramidalis in foliage and 

 flower, but is shorter. 



E. Style not exserted. 



35. Carpdtica, Jacq. Fig. .338. Height 9-18 in., gla- 

 brous : stem branching : lower Ivs. thin, long-petioled, 

 ovate-rotund, cordate, coarsely dentate, undulate; upper 

 ones shorter petioled, ovate-acuminate: peduncles long, 

 terminal and axillary, 1-fld. : fls. large, often IMin. wide, 

 deep blue or white : calyx tube obconical, the lobes acute, 

 wide at the base, subdentate, erect, a third or half as long 

 as the broadly bell-shaped corolla : style not exserted : 

 capsule ovoid-cylindrical. Carpathian Mts. of Austria. 

 B.M. 117. Gn. 48, p. 297. Var. turbinita, Hort. ( C. («r6j- 

 nilta, Schott), is dwarfer, more compact, with fls. more 

 bell- or top-shaped, and often 2 in. across, purplish blue. 

 It also has larger Ivs. and more decumbent habit. Gn. 45, 

 p. 171. A form with pallid fls. is rarer. Var. G. F. Wil- 

 Bon, Hort., is a hybrid of var. turbinata and C. piilla, 

 with the large fls. of the former and the handsome dark 

 foliage of the latter. It is compact, dwarf, and small, 

 ovate, very hairy Ivs., with crenate-serrate margin. C. 

 Haylodginsis, Hort., is a garden hybrid, probably be- 

 tween O. Carpatica and C. ccespitosa. Raised by Ander- 

 son Henry, Hay Lodge, Edinburgh. Height 6-9 in.: 

 root-lvs. tufted, roundish cordate, slightly dentate: stem- 

 lvs. light green, ovate-cordate, con- 

 spicuously toothed : fls. light blue 

 bell-shaped, few, at the ends of 

 stems. Var. pelvi!6rmis, Hort 

 from Crete, has very large p tie 

 lilac, almost saucer- 

 shaped fls. R.H. 1882, 

 p. 509. Var. H^ndersojii, 

 Hort., is generally re- 

 ferred to var. turbinata, 

 but is more robust. Lvs. 

 ovate and ovate-cordate, 

 1^ in. long. %m. broad, 

 slightly hairy on both 

 sides, folded upwards, 

 serrate; petioles 1-1 H in. ^j,. — ^. 

 long: fls. dark blue, lH-2 ^S^A \ 

 in. wide, in short, 6-9- ^^^S 

 fid. racemes. — This spe- 

 cies is among the first 

 dozen in popularity, and 

 is very variable in 

 height and in shape ^ 

 of flowers. <^ " 



EE. Style exserted. 



36. isophj'lla, Moretti 

 (C. floribunda, Viv.). 

 Stem suberect : lvs. all 

 alike, petiolate, round- 

 ish cordate, crenate-den- 

 tate: calyx lobes acumi- 

 nate, half shorter than 

 the broadly bell-shaped 

 corolla: fls. pale blue, 1 338. Camoanula Carpatica. 

 in. or more wide, corym- 

 bose; style exserted : capsule ovoid. Italy. B.M. 5745. 

 Gn. 49, p. 483; 48, p. 297. -An excellent basket or rock 

 plant in sun or half shade. The white variety seems 

 to be more popular. Fls. may be saucer-shaped. 



CCC. Fls. bell-shaped. 

 D. Style exserted. 



37. ScoiileTi, Hook. Height 8-12 in.: stem simple or 

 branched: lvs. acutely serrate, somewhat hirsute ; lower 

 ones ovate-acute, petioled ; middle ones ovate-lanceo- 



