CEROXYLON 

 CEE6XYL0N NIVEUM, Hort.= Diplotheraiura. 



CfiSTKUM (old (i reek name). Sjn., Ilabrotlidmnus. 

 Siihi iiAceie. Greenhouse shrubs of many species, in trop- 

 ical Araer. Some of them have a climbing habit. Tlie 

 tubular fls. are in axillary or terminal cymes, red, yellow, 

 greenish or white, ot'tfti very fragrant. Lvs. alternate 

 and enlin-, usually ratlicr narrow. Fruit a berry. Oes- 

 trums an- aiiH'im till' Tiiiist useful of bright-flowering, 

 shrulihy, ■jrcrnhimsf pl.ints, and they may be grown 

 either as pot plants, or planted out against the back wall 

 or supports of a greenhouse, where, if given a light po- 

 sition, they will produce an abundance of flowers from 

 January to April. The Mexican species will do well in 

 a winter temperature of 45° to 50°, but the species from 

 Central America require stove temperature. They are 

 propagated by cuttings taken in February or early in 

 March, and inserted in sand in a warm temperature, 

 keeping them somewhat close until rooted, when they 

 should be potted in a light soil, after which they may be 

 grown in pots, sliiftingon as often as required, or planted 



CHAM^BATIA 



285 



416. Cestrum elegans (X } 



out in the open ground towards the end of May in a sunny 

 position, where, if kept pinched back to induce a bushy 

 growth and attention is paid to watering, they will make 

 fine plants by the first of September. They should then 

 be lifted and potted in a light, rich soil and kept close 

 and shaded for a few days, and then transferred to their 

 winter quarters. After flowering, the plants should be 

 given a rest for a month or six weeks, gradually reducing 

 the supply of water to induce the leaves and wood to 

 ripen, after which they should be cut well back, the old 

 soil shaken off, and the roots trimmed back, and then 

 either potted again or planted out for the summer. While 

 in the greenhouse, Cestrums are very subject to the 

 attacks of insects, especially the mealy bug ( Coccus 

 adonidiini). To keep these in check they should be given 

 an occasional spraying of kerosene emulsion. The Oes- 

 trums are much grown in warm countries, and they 

 bloom continuously. Following are the only species 

 known to be in the Amer. trade : 



A. Fls. red. 



Elegans, Sehlecht. (Hahrothd minis I'lujnnx, Brongn.). 

 Fig. 416. Tall and slender, iKilf-cliniliin^;. the branches 

 pubescent: lvs. ovate, lanceolate. loiiir-aeuniinate, of 

 medium size, pubescent beneath : tls. red-purple, swollen 

 near the top of the tube, in loose clusters, which nod at 

 the ends of the branches, the lobes ciliate. Mex. F.S. 

 2:82. — One of the commonest and best of greenhouse 

 shrubs, blociming almost continuously. There is a form 

 with varieLTated lvs. 



fasciculatum, !\Iiers. Spring bloomer, with larger fls. 

 than those of C. elegans, and more compact, nearly 

 globular fl. -clusters, the cluster subtended by small lvs. 

 as if an involucre: lvs. ovate. Mex. B.M. 4183 (and 

 probably the C. elegans, B.M. 5659.) 



N^welli, Hort. (H. Newelli, Veitch). Fls. bright 

 crimson, larger and more brilliant than those of C ele- 

 gans and C. fasciculatum. Gn. 34: 660. — A free-growing 

 plant, originating from seed by Mr. Newell, Downham 

 Market, Eng. Evidently an offshoot of one of the pre- 

 ceding species. 



AA. Fls. Orange. 

 aurantlacum, Lindl. Of half-climbing habit : lvs. 

 oval to ovate, more or less undulate : fls. sessile, in a 

 panicle, orange-yellow. Guatemala. R.H. 1858, p.*238. 



AAA. Fls. white, greenish, or cream-yellow. 



P4rqui, L'Her. Shrub, half-hardy : lvs. lanceolate, 

 petioled, short, acuminate : fls. long, tubular, with a wide- 

 spreading limb, in an open panicle, greenish yellow, very 

 fragrant at night. Chile. B. M. 1770. 



diiimum, Linn. Quick-growing evergreen .shrub: lvs. 

 oblong and short-acute, thickish and glabrous, shining 

 above: fls. white, very sweet-scented by day, in axillary 

 long peduncled spikes: fr. white. W. Ind. 



noctiimum, Linn, Shrub 6-9 ft. : branches brownish, 

 very slender or flexuose, glabrous or nearly so : lvs. 

 thinner, ovate or elliptic, prominently acuminate : fls. 

 creamy yellow, very fragrant by night. Jamaica. 



E. J. Canning and L. H. B. 



CH.SNACTIS (Greek, gaping ray: the marginal 

 corollas often ray-like). Coinpdsitm. West American 

 herbs or under-shrubs, with alternate and mostly dis- 

 sected lvs., and yellow, white or flesh-colored fls. on 

 solitary peduncles or in loose cymes. Florets of one 

 kind, but the marginal ones with a more or less en- 

 larged limb: involucre campanulate: receptacle flat and 

 generally naked : pappus of scales (wanting in 1 spe- 

 cies). Three species have been introduced as border 

 plants, but they are little known to gardeners. Of easy 

 culture. Prop, by seeds or division. 



a. Pappus of entire or nearly entire persistent scales. 



tenuifdlia, Nutt. Small, tufted annual, white pubes- 

 cent when young but becoming nearly or quite glabrous: 

 1 ft. : lvs. once or twice pinnately parted, the lobes linear 

 orfilifoi-m: heads >^in. high, lemon-yellow. S.Calif. 



Dodglasii, Hook. & Am. Biennial or perennial, 3-15 

 in. high, usually white-woolly when young: lvs. broad, 

 pinnately parted into short and crowded, obtuse lobes: 

 heads }^-54in. high, white or whitish. Mout. S. and W. 

 — Variable. 



AA. Pappus of fimbriate and deciduous scales, or even 

 wanting. 



artemisisefdlia, Gray. Tufted annual, 1-2 ft., rusty- 

 pubescent and somewhat sticky : lvs. 2 or 3, pinnately 

 parted into short-linear or oblong lobes : heads % in. 

 high, the involucre viscid, the florets white or cream- 

 color. S. Calif. L_ jj_ B_ 



CHaiNOMfiLES. Cydonia. 



CHaiNOSTdMA {gaping mouth, in allusion to the 

 shape of the corolla). Scrophitlnriilriiv. About 30 

 African herbs or sub-shrubs, witli simple lvs. mostly 



opposite, and axillary or terminal-r oiese, sliowy fls.; 



stamens 4, in 2's, attached to the tlimat at the corolla, 

 more or less exserted: style filiform and club-shaped, 

 and obtuse at the apex : corolla tiibular, swollen in the 

 throat, with a 5-lobed spreading limb. 



hispidum, Benth. Small perennial, with opposite, oval 

 or oblong tiMithed lvs., and blush-white, star-like fls. 

 M in. across, in dense clusters. S. Afr. J.H. 111. 33:636. 

 —An old and deserving greenhouse or pot plant, but 

 rarely seen at present. It blooms almost continuously, 

 the fls. sometimes hiding the foliage. Prop, by seeds or 

 cuttings, either in fall or spring. Begins to bloom when 

 4-6 in. high. To be recommended for windows, and for 

 summer vases. 



CHAM.SBATIA (Greek, dwarf, and bramlile, allud- 

 ing to its bramble-like fls.). Bosdcea. Low shrub, 

 clothed with glandular pubescence : lvs. alternate, stipu- 

 late, tripinnatifid, persistent : fls. in terminal corymbs, 

 white, with 5 petals and numerous stamens : fr. a small 

 akene. One species in Calif. Ornamental shrub of 

 agreeable aromatic odor, with graceful foliage and 

 showy white fls. in June and July; hardy only in warmer 

 temperate regions. It thrives best in sandy, well- 

 drained soil and sunny position. Prop, by seeds sown 

 in spring and by greenwood cuttings under glass. 



