CITRUS 



323 



gined, of medium width : fls. small, white, sweet-smell- 

 ing: fr. medium size, pear-shaped, smooth, light yellow, 

 pulp subacid, greenish yellow. Cult, in Eu. since the 

 seventeenth century. Only rarely cult, in the United 

 States. B.M. 7194. — Bergamot oil is manufactured from 

 the rind of this subspecies. 



Var. Sinensis, Engler. (C. Aurdidium, var. diilcis, 

 Linn. C. Taliite'nsis, Sort.). Common Sweet Orange, 

 including the MAi^TAor Portugal Orange. Tree, 20-35 

 ft.: young branches pale green, angular, glabrous: Ivs. 

 oblong-ovate, pointed ; petiole narrowly winged : fls. 

 large, white: fr. raaiidy round, occasionally elliptical or 

 ovate, orange or yellowish ; pulp when ripe sweet or 

 slightly acid. India. Cultivate<l extensively in all tropi- 

 cal and subtropical regions of the world. — The Sweet 

 Orange is valued mainly for its sweet, delicious fruit, 

 which is eaten raw or made into marmalades, wine, etc. 

 The rind is sweet and aromatic, and is used for culinary 

 purposes. The extensive cultivation of the orange has 

 led to the development of numerous variations, some 

 70 varieties being cultivated in the United States. 

 Some of these forms are propagated fairly true to seed, 

 but the majority are not, and must be propagated by 

 budding or grafting. The following is a list of some of 

 the most highly prized of the cultural forms : Bahia 

 (also known as Washington Navel and Riverside Navel) : 

 Fig. 476. Fr. large, solid and heavy, seedless, with 

 prominent navel mark at apex; pulp .iuicy and of fine 

 texture. Introduced from Brazil. The most popular 

 variety cultivated in California, where it bears heavily. 

 In Florida it is a shy bearer. — Boone (Boone Early) : 

 Fr. round, medium size, fair quality; very early. Florida. 

 — Centennial : Fr. round, medium size, early medium, 

 quality excellent. Florida. — Du Roi : Fr. round, .small 

 or medium size, late medium; seeds ribbed: thorns few. 

 An excellent fruit in Florida, but has not given satis- 

 faction in Cal. Foreign.— Hart Late (Tardive, Excel- 



pulp reddish or streaked with red. Foreign. — St. 

 Michael : Fr. round, medium size, quality fair, midsea- 

 son. Foreign. — St. Michael Blood: Fr. round, medium 



477 Citrus trifoliat i 



sior) Fr oval, medium 

 size, solid, pile yellow 

 One of the best late sorts, 

 holding on tree in Florida 

 until Maj Foreign —Ho 

 mosassa . Fr. round, of 

 good quality, midseason. 

 Florida. - Jaffa: Fr. 

 round, heavy, juicy and 

 of very best quality, mid- 

 season ; skin thin : tree 

 nearly thornless. Foreign. — .Jaffa Blood: Fr. oval, 

 small, of excellent quality. Florida. — Lamb Summer : 

 Fr. oval, medium size, of good quality, very late; one of 

 the best late sorts , ranking with the Hart Late. Florida. — 

 Majorca: Fr. round, medium size, heavy and very juicy; 

 skin smooth and thin; quality excellent. Foreign. One 

 of the very best late midseason sorts. — Maltese Blood : 

 Fr. oval, small, orange red, juicy and sweet, of very best 

 quality; pulp reddish or streaked with red; midseason. 

 Foreign. Mediterranean Sweet: Fr. large, oval, of good 

 quality, late. Foreign. — Parson (Parson Brown): Fr. 

 round, medium size, of fairquality; very early. Florida. 

 Very extensively planted as an early variety in Florida. 

 —Ruby: Fr. medium size, round, of excellent quality: 



size, quality the very best ; pulp reddish or streaked 

 with red. Foreign. This Orange seems to the writer 

 superior in flavor to any he has ever tested, though 

 there is but little noticeable difference between any of 

 the best sorts, much, doubtless, depending on the con- 

 ditions under which the fruit is grown. — Valencia 

 {Valencia Late): Fr. large, oval, light orange, of good 

 iiuality, very late. Foreign. One of the most highly 

 prized varieties in California. 



The so-called Otaheite Orange (C. .4. ?(ra«(ii(»«, var. 

 Otaitense, Risso & Poit. ) is probably to be considered a 

 variety of C. Aurantium, var. Sinensis. Reasoner 

 thinks it isGaileaio's" O.Anrantium Sinense pumilum 

 fntctu dulci." The foliage resembles that of a lemon, 

 and the flowers are pinkish. The fruit is small, slightly 

 flattened, rough, and reddish orange in color ; pulp 

 mainly sweetish, sometimes sour. It may be a hybrid of 

 orange and lemon. It is used extensively as a dwarf 

 pot plant, for which it is well suited. 



n6bili3, Lour. Mandarin, or Kid-glove Orange. 

 Shrubs or very small trees, with dense foliage : Ivs. 

 small, lanceolate,weaklycrenate; petioles short, scarcely 

 winged : fls. small, white, fascicled ; filaments only 

 slightly united : f r. compressed, spherical, or somewhat 

 pyriform, 5-6 cm. in diameter ; rind orange-yellow or 

 reddish, loose, baggy, and easily removed ; segments 9-10, 

 loosely adherent ; pulp sweet ; seeds ovate or oblong, 

 green when cut: odor of leaves, twigs, fruit, etc., very 

 characteristic in all varieties and easily recognizable. 

 Cochin China or China. Cultivated extensively in 

 tropical and subtropical regions free from hot winds, to 

 which it is said to be very sensitive. — The principal 

 horticultural varieties grown in the United States are 

 the following: China ("Mandarin," "Willow-leaved 

 Mandarin," etc. ) : Fr. small, light orange, early medium, 

 excellent quality: Ivs. small, myrtle-like. Foreign.— 

 Dancy Tangerine : Lvs. larger, nearly the size of those 

 of the common orange: fr. dark orange or reddish, early 

 medium, quality excellent. Florida. The most prized 

 of any "f tlie Mandarin Oranges cultivated in the United 

 States. — King : Fr. large and rough, dark orange, late: 

 young twigs blackish. A good late sort. Foreign.— 

 Satsuma (Oonshiu): Fr. medium size, flattened at the 

 ends, orange, early, quality fair. Foreign. A much 

 valued early ripening sort, which is somewhat more 

 hardy than the common sweet orange, particularly when 



