410 



CUCURBITA 



CUNNINGHAMIA 



the same diara. at top and bottom (Figs. 602, 603), the 

 corolla-lobes large and soft, and wide-spreading or droop- 

 ing: peduncle at maturity soft and spongy, not ridged 



Japanese Crookiieck, Dunkard, and Sweet Potato Pump- 

 kins (or Squashes) are C, moschata . The fruit stem (as 

 shown in Figs. 596, 599, 604) is a distinguishing charac- 

 teristic of the ripe fruits. C. Pepo and C maxima, and 

 C. maxima and C. moschata do not intercross. 6'. Pepo 

 and C. moschata have been crossed, but it is doubtful if 

 they intermix when left to themselves. In Europe, the 

 word Gourd (or its equivalent in various languages) is 

 used generically for Cucurbitas; but in this country it is 

 restricted mostly to the small, hard-shelled forms of 

 C. pepo (var. ovifera) and to Lag enaria vulgaris, 



L. H. B. 



CUDRANIA (derivation unknown). Vrticdceo'. Trees 

 or shrubs, with deciduous, alternate, stipulate petioled 

 Ivs. : fls. dioecious, in globular heads: collective fr. globu- 

 lar. About 3 species, in S. and E. Asia and trop. Austr., 

 of which only one is sometimes cultivated. It requires 

 protection in the north, and is usually prop, by green- 

 wood cuttings in summer under glass. 



tricuspidata, Bureau (Madura tricuspidAta, Carr.). 

 Slinili. with slender, spiny branches: Ivs. elliptic-ovate, 

 :u-uiMiii:itf. entire, sometimes 3-lobed at the apex, nearly 

 glabrous, ]^2-3 in. long: fl.- heads axillary, on short pe- 

 duncles: fr. globose, about 1 in. across. China. R. H. 

 1864, p. 390.— Much resembling Madura, and of no 

 special decorative value. Alfred Rehder. 



CULM. The stem of a grass. 



nor prominently enlarged next the fr. : fr. very various, 

 but not light yellow nor warty nor crookneck-shaped, 

 usuiiilv laU-riponing, the flesh orange and not stringy. 

 rrnbably American. 



ioetidisaima, Kunth [C.perinniSy 

 Gray. Citcumis perinniSj James). 

 Fig. 605. Perennial: long-running, 

 scarcely prickly: Ivs. 1 arge, cord ate - 

 triangular, grayish pubescent, the 

 margin shallowly apiculate-cre- 

 nate : fl. nearly as large as in C 

 Pepo and similar in shape, the pis- 

 tillate on a peduncle 2-3 in. long: 

 fr. size and shape of an orange, 

 smooth, green and yellow splashed, 

 not edible. Sandy, arid wastes, 

 Neb. and Colo, to Tex. and Mex. 

 and westward to Calif, R. H. 1855: 

 61; 1857, p.54. — In its native haunts, 

 the root is tuberous, 4-7 in. in diam. 

 and penetrating the earth 4-6 ft. 

 Roots at the joints. The plant has 

 a fetid odor. Sold by seedsmen as 

 a gourd, but the fruit does not often 

 ripen in the northern states. Use- 

 ful on arbors and small trees, when coarse vines are 

 wanted 



The terms Squash and Pumpkin are much confused. 

 In Europe, the large varieties of Curcuhita maxima are 

 known as Pumpkins, but in this country the fruits of 

 this species are known usually as Sqiiashes. In America, 

 the words Pumpkin and Squash are used almost indis- 

 criminately, .some varieties in all species being known 





CULVER'S ROOT. Veronica 



CUMIN, or CUMMIN, the seeds of 

 iimiinim Ci/miiiuni ; Black Cumin, 

 iciella sativa ; Sweet Cumin, or 



599. Ste 



< 



598 Cucurbita moschata. 



i>\ ili'is,. names. The iield or common pie 

 fe^ ':"'!/? P I'umpkins are C. Pepo ; so are vegetable 

 f^ '-vl/ marrows ; also the summer Squashes, as 



the Scallop, Pattypan and Crookneok va- 

 rieties. The Hubbard, Marblehead, Sibley and Turban 

 kinds are C. maxima. The Cushaws, Canada Crookneck, 



CUNlLA (origin unknown). LahiAiw. This genus 

 contains a low-growing, tufted, hardy, native perennial 

 plant, rarely cultivated in borders for its profusion of 

 small, white or purplish, 2-lipped flowers, which are 

 borne in corymbed cymes or clusters. The genus con- 

 tains not more than 16 species, 2 North American, 'Z 

 Mexican, and the rest Brazilian. They are somewhat 

 woody, and usually have small Ivs. : the whorls of flowers 

 are sometimes loosely corymbo.se, 

 sometimes axillary, few-fld., much 

 shorter than the Ivs., sometimes many- 

 fld., in dense spikes or terminal heads; 

 calyx 10-lii-nerved, 5-toothed : perfect 

 stamens 2. 



Mariina, Linn. Maryland Dittany. 

 Height 1 ft. : Ivs. smooth, ovate, ser- 

 rate, rounded or heart-shaped at the 

 base, nearly sessile, dotted, 1 in. long. 

 Dry hills, southern N. Y. to S. Ind., 

 south to Ga. and Ark. J.H. HI. 35: 321. 

 Jin. 7: 201. See also Dittany. 



CUNNINGHAMIA (after J. Cunningham, botanical 

 collector, who discovered this Conifer 1702 in China). 

 Contferir. Tree, with stout trunk and verticillate, 

 spreading branches, pendulous at the extremities : Ivs. 



