430 



CYPERUS 



Papyrus, Linn. {Papyrus Antiqiidriim,Wi[M.}. Egyp- 

 tian Paper-plant. Strict, tall and stout, 4-8 ft. high, 

 dark-green: stem obtusely 3-angled, smooth: involucral 

 Ivs. only 3-10, small, M-Ci in. long, %-% in. wide, linear, 

 acute: primary rays df the umbel very numerous, terete, 

 slender, equal .ami ilroupinc 10-16 in. long: secondary 

 bracts prominent, filiform, 2-0 in. long: spikes clustered 

 and sessile, pale chestnut : rachis wingless. Egypt, 

 Palestine.— For aquaria and damp soil. Not hardy. 



AA. Basal sheaths blacle-bearing. 

 E. Lower Ivs. fete, very broad and eonduplieate. 



Natal^nsis, Hochst. Stem 2}^ ft. high, smooth, with 

 1-3 leaf -bearing sheaths and several leafless ones at the 

 base: involucre 2-3-lvd., short: rays of the umbel short, 

 unequal : spikes much congested, numerous, linear- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, pale brown, 10-12-fld. : rachis 

 winged: scales oblong-ovate, obtuse. South Africa.— 

 Decorative. Not hardy. 



f^rtilis, Borck. Stem short, slender, 4-5 in. high, 

 .'J-angled: Ivs. numerous, thin and broad, 4-9 lines wide, 

 in. long, equalini; tin' stini, linear-lanceolate, folded 

 below, dotted, niartriii dnitii'ulate: umbel simple, 5-7- 

 rayed: rays elonL'ated, pendulous, often rooting at the 

 apex, 1-2 ft. long: involucral bracts short: spikelets 

 crowded, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, slightly compressed, 

 white. Central Africa.— Recently introduced, and fine 

 for hanging baskets ; the umbel-rays often bear plantlets 

 instead of iiowers. 



lilcidus, R. Br. Rather stout: stem 1-2 ft. high, terete 

 above: Ivs. numerous, large and broad, spongy-thickened 

 at the base, spimilose-m:ui,'iniil : umbel spherical. C-8in. 

 in diam. : spikelets dens.-, .liijitate, long and linear: 

 scales persistent: axis continuous. Australia. 



BB. Lower Ivs. numerous, narrow and grass-Uke, 

 flat or nearly so. 



^legans, Linn. (C. Idxus, Lam. and Hort. ). Stem 

 .'l-angled, 2-3 ft. high: Ivs. large, broadly linear, numer- 

 ous, spreading, half as long as the culm: involucre short-, 

 spreading, few-lvd. : rays long and slender, unequal, 

 compound: spikes small, distant, oblong, greenish brown, 

 blunt, 6-11-fld. : scales round-elliptic, mucronate. West 

 Indies, Brazil. O.C. IL 2:99; III. 13: 41.- For table 

 decoration. 



fltrigdsufl, Linn. Stout, 1-3 ft. high, sharply 3-angled, 

 base bulbous : Ivs. numerous, long and grass-like, 

 smooth, 2—1 lines wide ; involucral similar, i>-12 in. long: 

 rays very unequal, 6 in. or less long: spikes 4-10-£ld., 

 awl-shaped, chestnut-brown, densely clustered, at the 

 spike-like {1-1% in. long) tips of the rays. N. Amer.— 

 Hardy perennial, used for the borders of aquatic gardens. 



esculgntus, Linn. Chufa. Much like the last: root- 

 stock slender and bearing little tubers : spikes pale : 

 akeue obovoid. Tropics. — Sometimes a weed in sandy 

 fields ; also cult, south for the edible tubers. Not hardy. 



pungens, Borck. Stem very short and thick, 1-2 in. 

 long, angled below: Ivs. equaling the stem, rigid: umbel 

 simple, contracted or capitate: spikelets linear-lanceo- 

 late, compressed, shining, straw-colored, 10-18-fld. : invo- 

 lucral bracts 2-4, scarcely 1 in. long. North Africa.— 

 Recently introduced. May be used for hanging baskets. 



O.compresstis.'Lm-a. Umbel las: spikes linear-oblong: scales 

 acuminate. Trop. — C. flabellifirmis, Rottb. Rare in Amer. 

 trade. Central Africa.— Tall and palm-like, used by natives tor 

 wickerwork ; very ornamental in water gardens.— C rotundus, 

 Linn. Nut-grass. Coco-gkass. Like C. esculentus, but spikes 

 darker and akene linear. Weed in cult, fields. — C. strictus, 

 Hort.= ? K. M. WiEGAND. 



CYPHOMANDKA (from the Greek, referring to the 

 hump-shaped anthers). Snluin'ici-a'. Two dozen S. 

 American spineless slirulis ,.r small trees (essentially 

 herbs in culture in the imiilii, clistinguished from So- 

 lanum chiefly by the tliirk.nr.l Miitliers. The large Ivs. 

 are entire, 3-lobed, or pinuatisect. 



beticea, Sendt. {SoJihuim frdgrans, Hook.). Tree 

 Tomato. Pig. 641. Cult, occasionally for the egg- 

 shaped, reddish brown, faintly striped fruits, and un- 

 der such conditions it becomes a tree-shaped, half- 

 woody plant 6-10 ft. high : Ivs. large, soft-pubescent, 

 cordate-ovate; more or less acuminate, entire: fls. small, 



CYPRESS 



pinkish, fragrant, in small axillary or super-axillary clus- 

 ters: fr. about 2 in. long, on slender stalks, 2-loculed 

 and seedy, musky-acid and tomato-like in flavor, agree- 

 able to those who" like tomatoes. Brazil. B.M. 3684. J. 

 H. III. 31:470. G.C. HI. 25:105. A. G. 11:409.— Bears 



641. Cyphomandra betacea {X ^2). 



the second and third year from seed, under glass (where 

 it must be grown in the northern states). For further 

 notes, see Bailey, Forcing-Book. l. H. B. 



CYPHOPH(ENIX, {hump and Phanir.a palm). Pal- 

 muru. tril>r .1 /■I'rr.c. A genus of luily 2 spi-cies of 

 palms, ,rmiii..riiiip.irtau,>e. Spin. -less paims will, a stout, 

 riiif;ril lauilc'X. Leaves terminal, pinuatisect, the seg- 

 ments ciiriaceous, elongated, sword-shaped, narrowed to- 

 w:ird tlieapiN. the margins thickened, plicate, recurved at 

 the base; tlu'prominentnerves and midrib sparsely scaly 

 beneath ; rachis stout, rather broad, slightly convex on 

 the back, acute above: spadices glabrous, the branches 

 long, stout: bracts short; bractlets scaly; fr. dark 

 brown, medium, long-ovoid or ellipsoid, lentiform. Spe 

 cies 2. New Caledonia. 



Slogans, Benth. & |Hook. (Khitia Hegans, Brongn 

 &Gris.). Rachis convex below, flat above; leaflets 

 alternate, approximate, scaly along the mid-nerve helow 

 fr. oblong-elliptical, actite. 



fulclta, Benth. & Hook. (Kfntia fulclfa, Brongn.) 

 Stem clothed at the base with smooth aerial roots : fr 

 ovoid, attenuate above. 



CYPHOSPfiRMA (Greek, hump and set'fl). PalmA 

 cece, tribe Arh-ece. Two Australian warmhousc palms 

 scarcelv known in this country. C. Viellardn, Benth, 

 & Hook., with pinuatisect Ivs., and long-ejisiform cori 

 aceous segments, is sometimes known as Kentia robvsta 

 and K. Viellardii. Culture of Areca and Ptychosperma, 



CYPRESS. See Chamrvcyparis, Cupressns and Taxo 



CYPRESS VINE. See Ipomcea. 



