1340 



PIMENTA 



PINE 



trade, but there seems no reason why it could not be 

 cult, in Porto Rico. 



officin^is, Lindl. {P. vulgaris, Lindl.). Allspice. 

 Pimento. Figs. 1804, 1805. Distinguished from the other 



1805. Flowers of Allspice (X J). 



species by the oblong Ivs., 4-lobed calyx and globose 

 drupe. Tree, 30^0 ft. high: Ivs. 2-6 in. long; petiole 

 }4 in. long: fls. 3 lines long: drupe 3 lines thick. The 

 male Pimento is a form with the female organs less de- 

 veloped. B.M. 123(5 (as Miirtus Pimenta, var. tongi- 

 folia). 



P. acris, Kostel, called Bayherry, Black Cinnamon and Wild 

 Clove, where cult, in the Orient, is distinguished by the 5- 

 lobed calyx, ovoid drupe and I he veins of the Ivs. rather promi- 

 nent above. B.M. 3153 (as Myreia acris). Yields oil of myrcia, 

 the basis of bay rum.— P. Pinieiitn, Griseb., is distinguished 

 by the obovate Ivs , .'ilobed calyx, ovate-oblong drupe and Ivs., 

 with veins obsolete above. 



PIMPERNEL!. Properly Anagallis. 



PIMPINELLA (possibly from Latin bipinnnla, bi- 

 piiiuatei. Untbellifenv. About 70 species of herbs, one 

 of which has been described under Anise. Lately P. 

 integerrima, Gray, has been offered by one dealer in 

 hardy native plants. It differs from Anise in being a 

 perennial plant with Ivs. 2-3-ternate and segments en- 

 tire. B.B. 2:526. 



1806. Pinanga Kuhlii. 



PIN ANG A (Malay name). Palmd,ce(P.. About 25 spe- 

 cies of slender, spineless, Ijamboo-like palms from In- 

 dia and th(! Malay Archipelago. Lvs. terminal, un- 

 eijiially lobed or pinnatisect, or simple and bifid at the 

 aiiex; segments plicate, many-nerved, the lower ones 



acuminate, the upper confluent, the margins not thick- 

 ened, recurving at the base ; rachis acute above, convex 

 below; petiole convex above; sheath elongated: spadix 

 usually small, very simple: peduncle short: branches in 

 groups; spathe 1, symmetrical, swollen or compressed 

 and2-winged: fls. rather small: fr. ovoid or elliptical, 

 orange or red. For culture, see Palms. 



KtiWii, Blume. Fig. 1806. Stems tufted, 20-30 ft. 

 high, slender: lvs. 3-4 ft.; Ifts. many, 1-2 ft., falcate- 

 linear to linear-lanceolate, finely acuminate, strongly 

 2-3-ribbed, upper confluent; petiole variable in length, 

 somewhat sctirfy: fr. J^ in. long, shortly apiculate. Su 

 matra, Java. 



grdcilis, Blurae [Areca gracilis, Roxb.). Stems 6- 

 20 ft. high, 3-4 lines in diam., thickening upwards, 

 usually gregarious: lvs. 3-4 ft. long, sparingly pinnate; 

 petiole and sheaths scurfy; Ifts. inserted by a very 

 broad base, 1 ft. or more long, the lower ones 2-3- 

 ribbed, finely acuminate, the upper 3-5 in. wide, many- 

 ribbed: fr. % in. long, scarlet or orange, smooth, taper- 

 ing to the tip. Himalayas, Burma. Jared G. Smith. 



PINCENECTlTIA. See JYoIiita. 



PINCKNfiYA (Charles Cote.sworth Pinckney. of South 

 Carolina, 1746-1825, distinguished statesman and gen- 

 eral of the American Revolution). HiibiAceie. This in- 

 cludes the Fever Tree or Georgia Bark, a tall slirtib or 

 small tree with fls. in large terminal cymes, native to 

 the marshy banks of streams in the pine barrens from 

 S. C. to Fla. Its showy flower-cluster attains a breadth 

 of 4 in. and depth of 3 in., with as manj' as 20 fls., each 



1 in. long, tubular, white, speckled red, with 5 revohite 

 lobes. But the distinctive feature of the Fever Tree, 

 both botanically and horticulturally, is the presence of 

 5 or more large, showy colored floral leaves. These are 



2 in. long, 1-1?^ in. wide, oval or roundish, acute, nar- 

 rowed at the base, and peach-yellow margined with rosy 

 red. The interesting feature of these floral lvs. is that 

 they are not bracts, btit modifications of one of the 

 calyx-lobes, which are normally small and awl-shaped. 

 Only one other species of this genus is known, P. 

 ionantha ttom Colombia. The Fever Tree has been 

 cult, in Europe under glass, but it is rarely successfully 

 cult, in America. 



ptibens, Michx. Georgia Bark. Fever Tree. Bitter 

 Bark. Attains 25 ft.: lvs. oval or oblong, acute, 4x 1^2 

 in.; midrib rosy: calyx 5-lobed; lobes deciduous or one 

 of them in the outer fls. often transformed into a showy 

 floral If.; corolla hairy; stamens 5, exserted, stigma ob- 

 tuse: capsule globose, papery, 2-celled; seeds numer- 

 ous, in 2 rows, horizontal, winged. F.S. 19:1937. S.S. 

 5:227-8. — Plnckneya puhens grows in low marshy woods 

 and on borders of swamps. It thrives best when shaded 

 by other trees. Seedlings require very rich moist soil 

 and should always be grown under shade. They are 

 difficult to keep alive if exposed to direct sunlight until 

 .4 or 5 feet high; then give partial shade. 



P. J. Berckmans and W. M. 



FINE. What the apple is among the fruits, what 

 the oak is among the broad -leaved trees of the temperate 

 zone, the Pines represent among the conifers, excelling 

 all other genera in this most important family in num- 

 ber of species, in fields of distribution, in extent of area 

 occupied, in usefulness and importance to the human 

 race. No other trees of the temperate zone have con- 

 tributed so much to the building up of civilization and 

 no other, it maybe predicted, will continue longer to fill 

 the important place in the household of civilized man; 

 for not only do they in a number of species furnish the 

 most satisfactory qualities of wood for structural pur- 

 poses, but their frugality in regard to soil conditions 

 will preserve them a place as wood-producers in many 

 of the poor sites, when the lands fit for agricultural use 

 have all been turned over to food production. 



Among the 70 or more well-distinguished species- 

 over 600 species and varieties of Pinus have been 

 de.scribed— all inhabitants of the northern hemisphere, 

 ranging from the arctics through plains and moun- 

 tains to near the equator, occurring in the tropics 

 at least on high mountains, a variety of adaptation, of 

 form, of usefulness, may be found to satisfy every 

 requirement; and since more than half the number of 



