PODACHJiNIUM 



PODOLEPIS 



1381 



PODACH^NIUM (Greek, jxiea,i\mg foot-.fhaped nkene) . 

 Comp6sit(V. Two species of Mexican shrubby composites 

 cult, chietiy for their large and fragrant Ivs. The tts. 

 are .sometimes hidden under the foliage. The heads are 

 about 1 in. across, with white rays and yellow disk, 

 about 20 or more in terminal Hat-topped clusters, borne 

 in winter and spring. P. paniciildtum is a rare and 

 costly stove plant. The distinguishing feature of Po- 

 daolueniura is the shape of tlie akene, it being con- 

 tracted at the base into a 2-winged stipe suggesting the 

 shape of a foot. 



Podachjeniuras may be cultivated nineh like Ixoras. 

 They do best in awarmhouse. In the South they thrive 

 in the open. They are useful for their large and sweet- 

 scented foliage. Prop, by cuttings of half -ripe wood. 



panicul^tum, Benth. (Ferdindnda eminens, Hort- 

 Zalazdnia eminens, Hort. Cosmophi/llum cacaUcefd- 

 liiim, G. Koch). Slightly branched, 9-1.5 ft. high: Ivs. 

 distant, long-stalked, roundish in outline, angled or 

 with few, distant, shallow, wide-angled teeth, scabrous 

 above, pubescent beneath. Mex., Guatemala. R.H. 

 1862, p. 110. H. A. SiEBRECHT and W. M. 



PODALtRIA. See Baptisla. 



PODOCARPUS (Greek pons, podos, foot, and karpos, 

 fruit; alluding to the conspicuous fleshy foot-stalks of 

 most species). Including Nagela, Prtimndpitys and 

 Stachijcdrpus. Coriiferce. Ornamental evergreen trees 

 or rarely shrubs, with alternate or sometimes opposite 

 and often 2-ranked sessile or short-stalked Ivs., small 

 fls., the staminate catkin-like and yellow, the pistillate 

 greenish and inconspicuous, and with rather small, 

 berry-like fr. borne on usually much thickened fleshy 

 foot-stalks of dark purple or purplish violet color. 

 They are but rarely cult, in this country and only 

 adapted for the southern states and California, except 

 P. alpina, which is the hardiest and may probably 

 thrive as far north as Philadelphia, or even farther. 

 They grow best in well-drained loamy soil. In the 

 North they are sometimes grown as pot-plants in green- 

 bouses on account of their handsome foliage; a sandy 

 compost of loam and peat will suit the potted plants. 

 Prop, by seeds or by cuttings of almost ripened wood 

 'under glass ; they are also sometimes grafted on any of 

 the species which can be had in quantity. 



The genus has more than 40 species, chiefly in tropi- 

 cal and subtropical mountains of S. America, W. India, 

 Asia, Africa and Australia. Resinous trees, with linear 

 to elliptic entire Ivs. : fls. monoecious or dioecious, ax- 

 illary or subterminal, solitary or in spikes; the stam- 

 inate catkin - like, consisting of spirally disposed 2- 

 celled anthers; the pistillate consisting of a scale en- 

 closing the ovule, with several bracts at the base, which 

 become usually much thickened at maturity, and form 

 a fleshy receptacle bearing at the top the globular or 

 ovoid drupe- or nut-like seed: cotyledons 2. Some spe- 

 cies with the fls. in spikes and the fr. without fleshy 

 receptacle are referred by some botanists to Prumnop- 

 itys (Stachycarpus). Many species are valuable tim- 

 ber trees in their native countries, and the fleshy seed- 

 stalks of some are eaten. 



A. Z/vs. 3-8 in. long. 



macrophylla, Don. Tree, attaining 50 ft., with ascend- 

 ing branches: buds and young unfolding Ivs. pinkish: 

 Ivs. alternate, linear-lanceolate, sometimes falcate, ob- 

 tusish or acute, bright green and glossy and with a 

 prominent midrib above, pale beneath, .3-5 in. long, 

 about yi in. wide: fls. dioecious, staminate ones cylin- 

 dric, '%-iy^ in. long: fr. ovoid, 3^-3^ in. long, greenish, 

 bloomy, borne on a fleshy dark purplish violet recep- 

 tacle. Japan. S.Z. 2:13.3. 



Japdnica, Sieb. Closely allied to the preceding and 

 probably a variety of it. Of lower growth : buds whit- 

 ish, young Ivs. greenish: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, acute, 

 4-8 in. long: fls. and fr. unknown. Cult, in Japan. 

 — Sometimes Cephalofaxus pedunculata, var. fastigiata 

 is cult, under this name. 



AA. Lvs. %-l% in. long 



nubigena, Lindl. Tree or shrub in cultivation: lvs. 

 spreading, crowded, linear-lanceolate, acute and mucro- 



nate, pungent, somewhat revolute at the margins, dark 

 green and with a prominent midrib above, with 2 white 

 bands beneath, l-\% in. long: fls. dioecious, the stami- 

 nate clustered, %-! in. long: fr. ovoid, ^A in. long, on 

 a fleshy receptacle, very short-stalked. Chile. P.F.G. 

 2:102. G.C. III. 10:171. 



alpina, R. Br. Shrub or small tree, attaining 15 ft., 

 with spreading branches : lvs. indistinctly 2-ranked, 

 linear to linear-oblong, obtuse, mucronulate, dark green, 

 grooved or flat above, palo green beneath, %-% in. long: 

 fls. di(i»cious, the staminate solitary or clustered, about 

 >3 in. long: fr. small, on a fleshy receptacle. Australia. 



P. Andlna, Poepp. (Prumnopitys elegans, Phil. Sttieliycar- 

 pus Aiidina, Vau Tiegh.). Tree, attaining 20 ft., with upright 

 or somewhat spreading branches : lvs. indistinctly 2 -ranked, 

 linear, dark green above, slightly glaucous beneath, %-VA in. 

 long; fls. in spikes; receptacle not fleshy. Chile.— P. Hidivitii, 

 Hoibr.=P. Totara.— P. OhUlna, Rich. (P. saligna, Don). Tree, 

 attaining CO ft., allied to P. macrophylla: lvs. linear-lanceolate, 

 acute, slightly falcate, 3-4>2 in. long: staminate fls. clustered, 

 about 1 in. long. Chile, Peru.— P. Chineiisis, Wall. (P. macro- 

 phylla, var. Maki, Sieb. & Zuec). Closely allied to P. ni.-icro- 

 phylla, but a lower tree or sometimes shrub, with somewhat 

 spreading branches: lvs. shorter, 1%-ZA in. long: staminate 

 fls. shorter. China; cult, in Japan. S.Z. 2:134. R.H. 1848:41. 

 — P. coridcea, Rich. Tree, attaining 50 ft., with spreading 

 branches; allied to P. macrophylla: lvs. lanceolate, acuminate, 

 2-4 in. long: fr. ovoid. Jamaica. Sometimes Cephalotaxus 

 drupacea is cult, under this name. — P. elonsjdta, L'Herit. 

 Tree, attaining 70 ft., with whorled spreading branches; allied 

 to P. macrophylla : lvs. linear-lanceolate, acute, about 2 in. 

 long: staminate fls. solitary or clustered, about 5^ in. long: fr. 

 globose, %, in. across. S. Africa.— P. Jamaicensis, Hort.=P. 

 Purdieana.— P. Koraidna, Sieb. = Cephalotaxus pedunculata, 

 var. fastigiata.— P. Nagcia. R. Br. (Nageia Japonica, Ga?rtn.). 

 Tree, attaining 90 ft., with spreading, sometimes pendulous 

 branches: lvs. mostly opposite, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 short-acuminate, 2-6% in. long, bright green and glossy: ir.% 

 in. across, subglobose. Japan. ^.Z. 2:Vib.—P. neriifhUa, Don 

 (P. macrophylla, Wall., not Don). Tree, allied to P. macro- 

 phylla, with whorled spreading branches: lvs. lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, dark green above, slightly glaucous beneath, 4-8 in. 

 long: staminate fls. solitary, 1 in. or more long. Himalayas. 

 B.M. 4655. F.S. 8:708.— P. PiirdicdKd, Hook. Tree, to 120 ft., 

 with whorled horizontal branches: allied to P. macrophylla: 

 lvs. oblanceolate, obtuse, mucronulate, bright green, 2-5 in. 

 long, % in. wide. Jamaica.— P. saligna, Don=P. Chilina.— P. 

 spicdta,U. Br. (Prumnopitys .spicata, Mast.). Tree, attaining 

 80 ft.: lvs. 2-ranked, linear, obtusish, sessile, M-K in. long: fls. 

 in spikes; receptacle not thickened. New Zealand.— P. iaaiiW- 

 lia, Kunth. (Prumnopitys taxifolia. Mast.). Tree, attaining 60 

 ft., with spreading branches: lvs. 2-ranked, linear, acute or ob- 

 tuse, abruptly narrowed into a short petiole: fls. in spikes: no 

 thickened receptacle. Peru, Columbia.— P. Totara, Don. Tree, 

 attaining 90 ft. with spreading branches: allied to P. alpina: 

 lvs. linear, acute or acuminate, VtVA in. long. New Zealand. 



Alfred Rehder. 



P0D6LEPIS (Greek, foot and scale; referring to the 

 unusual fact that the involucral scales have a foot- 

 stalk or claw). C'omp6sitce. About 16 species of Aus- 

 tralian herbs with yellow, pink or purple rays, a few of 

 which are cult, as half-hardy annuals, growing 6-12 in. 

 high and bearing fls. which are chiefly interesting as 

 representing an intermediate stage between the common 

 type of cotnposite with showy rays and the "ever- 

 lasting flowers," like Helichrysum, in which the rays are 

 aborted and the showy parts are the stiff involucral 

 scales. In Podolepis the involucral scales are generally 

 colored, but are thin and nearly transparent, and over- 

 lap one another instead of standing out like petals. 

 The genus belongs to an unfamiliar group of composites 

 from Australia and the Cape. 



The following species are annuals with linear or lan- 

 ceolate lvs. and hemispherical involucres }4-% in. in 

 diameter. They need a porous soil with full exposure 

 to the sun, and they also do well in pots. See An- 

 nuals. 



A. Color of rays yellow. 

 B. Involucral bracts acute. 



can^scens, A. Cunn. (P. afflnis, Sond.). Rarely much 

 exceeding 1 ft. : involucral bracts slightly or not at all 

 rugose; claws with broad scarioiis margins: rays 3-4- 

 lobed, slightly longer than the disk-fls. 



BB. Involucral bracts actiminate. 

 aristita, Benth. (P. chn/sdntha, Endl.). Often ex- 

 ceeding 1 ft. : involucral bracts not rugose, usually end- 



