1394 



POLYGONUM 



POLYPODIUM 



long, soft dull green, the blade oval-oblong, 1/^-2 times 

 as loug as broad, shallow-cordate at base, scarcely 

 pointed, the prominent side veins uniting by the ends: 

 fls. greenish, in relatively small axillary clusters, the 

 akene trigonous. Island of Sachalin. north of Japan, in 

 Russian territory. B.xM. 6340. R.H. 1S7G, p. ^(i; 1893, 

 pp. 394, 395; 1894, p. 55. Gn. 21, p. 280. G.C. 11. 26:813 



1881. Sacaline— Polyeonum Sachalinense (X %). 



and III. 14:1.59 (in fr.). G.M. 31:176. V. 17:161. -Re- 

 cently introduced (in N. Ainer. in 1894) for forage and 

 for ornament. It is inveterateiy persistent when once 

 establisiied, and may easily become a pest. For forage 

 It has little merit where other things can be grown, for 

 it is too coarse. For phmting in rough places, where a 

 thick cover is required, it is one of the best of all her- 

 bac(-ou3 perennials. It is perfectly hardy in the North 

 and seems to thrive anywhere. J'. Sieboldi was once 

 distributed as Sacaline, but that species is much 

 smaller, with smaller, shorter and square-based leaves, 

 and with more profuse bloom. 



P. compdctum. Hook., is much like P. Sieboldi, but "dif- 

 fers in its dwarf size, decumbent lowly habit, small rigid 

 leaves, with waved margins, and strict erect simple female ra- 

 cemes." Japan. B.M. (i476.— P. multiflorum, Thunb. Tuber- 

 ous-rooted climber, with reddish stems : Ivs. eordate-ovate- 

 aeute, shining: ils. small and wliitish in spreading panicles. 

 Oliina and Japan. — P. ptnti/cauhin, Hort. = Miiehlenbeekia 

 Piatyclados. — P. spka'rostacliiiKin, IMeisn. Allied to P. affine, 

 from winch it differs in the "dense broad cylindrie or gloljose 

 spike of blood-red pendulous flowers." Himalaya. B.M. 6847. 

 — P. vaceinifblium. Wall. Rock plant allied to P. affine: fls. 

 bright rose-colored, in m.iny slender spikes: Ivs. rather mimer- 

 ous on the stems, short, ovate -acute : deeundient, the stems 

 2 ft. or less long. Himalaya, up to 16,500 ft. B.M. 4622. Gu. ^9. 

 p. 543; 43, p. .501; 45, p. 159. L_ g, g_ 



FOL'i'MNIA (the muse Polyhymnia). Compdsifce. 

 About 10 species of American composites, mostly coarse, 

 viscid and heavy-scented, the North American species 

 being perennial herbs, the South American shrubby or 

 tree-like. The}^ have loose panicles of yellow or whitish 

 tls. borne in summer. For further description, see 

 Gray's Manual, Britton and Brown's Illustrated Flora, 

 etc. 



Canadensis, Linn. Canada or Small-flowered Leaf 

 Cup. Height 2-5 ft.: Ivs. deltoid-ovate to hastate, thin, 

 deeply angulate-lobed; lobes dentate, 4-10 in. long: 

 heads few in terniitial clusters, 4-6 lines broad: rays 

 minute or none. June-Sept. Damp, rich, shaded places, 

 western Out. to Minn., south N. C. to Ark. B.B. 2:405. 

 ~Var, radiata, Graj% with whitish rays sometimes 

 % in. long, is also offered by one dealer in native 

 plants. 



POLYPODIUM (Greek, many feet; alluding to the ex- 

 tensive rootstocks). Polypodidceie. A genus of ferns 

 with naked rounded sori, and with the Ivs. jointed to 

 the rootstocks, leaving a scar when they separate. As 

 here treated the veins may be free or united to form 

 areolfB. The genus is a very extensive one. growing in 

 all parts of the world, and has frequently been divided 

 into a series of genera based on habit and the nature of 

 venation, which is probably a more logical treatment; 

 some of these genera, indeed, as Phymatodes and Phle- 

 bodium, have been here separated; the genus would be 

 more homogenous were others placed by themselves. 

 For culture, see Fern. 



a. Veins free: Ivs. once pinnate. 

 B. Sort large, consjncnotts. 



vulgare, Linn. Wall Fern. Polypody. Figs. 1881-3. 

 Lvs. 4-10 in. long, on pale stalks half their length, 1-3 in. 

 wide, cut nearly or quite to the rachis into entire or 

 slightly toothed blunt pinnte. New En^^land to Ala. and 

 westward to Ore. ; also common throughout Ettrope, 

 wliere many forms are in cult. Var. Cambricum (Fig. 

 1884) occurs in New York and New England. 



falcitum, Kellogg. Lvs. 12-15 in. long, 4-8 in. wide, 

 on long, straw-colored stalks; pinnas numerous, taper- 

 ing to a slender point, sharply ser- 

 rate. Calif, to Wash. 



BB. Sori smaller: lvs. elastic, often 

 elongated. 

 Plumula, HBK. Lvs. 9-18 in. long, 

 narrow lanceolate, 1-2 in. wide ; 

 pinniB numerous, narrow, entire, 

 blunt, the lower pairs scarcely 

 smaller than those above ; stalks 

 blackish. Fla. and trop. Amer. 



pectinatum, Linn. Lvs. elliptic- 

 lanceolate, 1-2^ ft. long, 2-6 in. 

 wide, cut to tlie rachis into horizon- 

 tal entire or toothed pinnje, the lower 

 ones gradually reduced to short, 

 triangular lobes. Fla. and trop. 

 Amer. 



aa. Veins uniting, forming regular areohe each with a 

 single free included veinlet. 

 c. Lvs. simple, itndivided. 



vacciniifdlium, Langs & Fisch. Lvs. of 2 sorts rising 

 from slender, wiile-creeping rootstocks ; sterile lvs. 

 roundish or elliptic; Ri)orophylls linear or ligulate, with 

 large soi'i in a single row. Tropical Amer., from the 

 West Indies southward. 



1882. 

 Sori and a single 

 sporaneium of 

 Polypodium vul- 

 eare. 

 Sori about n.itural 

 siie. 



