RASPBERRY 



RAVEN ALA 



1503 



doned before it becomes badly diseased. Spraying will 

 reduce it but is not entirely satisfactory. Crown-gall, 

 due to the growth of a specific organism of a very low 

 order, belonging to the slime-molds, is often serious, 

 particularly with reds. Neither affected plants nor 



2082. Shaffer Raspberry— Rubus neglectus (XM). 



«.pparently healthy ones from a diseased lot shoi^ld be 

 planted, as the trouble is readily communicated tw .other 

 plants and trees, Fred W. Card. 



RAT-TAIL CACTUS.' Cere^ls flagelliformis. 



RATTAN. See Calamus. 



RATTLE-BOX. The species of Crotalaria ; also 

 Z/udwigia alternifolia. 



RATTLESNAKE WEED. See Hieracium venosum. 



RATTLESNAKE PLANTAIN. Goodyera. 



RATTLESNAKE ROOT. Prenanthes. 



RATJWOLFIA (Leonhart Rauwolf, physician of Augs- 

 burg, published a book in 1583 on his travels in the 

 orient; often erroneously stated to be of the eighteenth 

 century). Apocyndcece. About 40 species of tropical 

 trees and shrubs with Ivs. in whorls of 3 or 4, rarely 

 opposite, and small fls. often borne in dichotomous or 

 trichotomoiis clusters. Calyx 5-cut or5-parted; lobes 

 obtuse or acute : corolla funnel-shaped; tube cylindrical, 

 dilated at the insertion of the stamens, usually con- 

 stricted at the throat, 

 devoid of scales; 

 lobes 5 : disk cup- 

 shaped or ring- 

 shaped : carpels of 

 the ovary 2, distinct 

 or considerably 

 grown together: style 

 short or long: ovules 

 in each carpel 2: 

 drupes 2, distinct or 

 connate into a 2- 

 stoned fruit, the 

 stones 2-grooved or 2- 

 cut: stones 1-seeded: 

 seeds ovate; albumen 

 fleshy, smooth, not 

 ruminate, rarely wrinkled. These plants are little known 

 horticulturally. The only species in the American trade, 

 -apparently, is B. Chinensis, Hort. Several years ago the 



95 



2083. " Tip " or layer of Raspberry. 



undersigned received from the Botanical Garden at Hong 

 Kong a few seeds of this small evergreen shrub. The 

 seeds germinated well and the plants grew rapidly, 

 attaining a height of about a foot in a year. Duriiig the 

 summer of the second year the rather bushy jJlants 

 flowered well and bore a crop of shining red berries 

 which were very conspicuous throughout the winter. 

 When well grown and bushy the plant is quite orna- 

 mental, its habit being dense and the color of its 

 leaves dark green. The flowers are white, and are 

 borne in dense trusses at the extremity of each shoot. 

 Though an individual flower does not make much show, 

 the plant is very ornamental when covered with masses 

 of blossoms. The plant needs a rich, light soil, much 

 water when in full growth and protection against the 

 fierce rays of the sun. Every spring the old soil should 

 be shaken out and replaced by a rich compost. In the 

 writer's garden at Gotha, Orange county, Florida, the 

 Rauwolfia flourishes with great luxuriance in the shade 

 of other shrubs in rather moist spots. Although it is 

 easily winter-killed, it sprouts readily in spring from 

 the roots. When covered with numerous trusses of 

 shining red berries the plant is an object of beauty. 



H. Nehrling. 

 RAVENALA (the name of the plant in Madagascar). 

 Scitamindcece. A genus of 2 species, 1 from Brazil and 

 Guiana and 1 from Madagascar. Musa-like plants be- 

 coming 20-30 ft. high, with a palm-like trunk: Ivs. ex- 

 ceedingly large, crowded in 2 ranks, thus forming a fan- 

 shaped head of foliage ; petioles long, with concave 

 bases scarcely sheathed: scapes or peduncles in the 

 upper axils longer or shorter than the leaves: bracts 

 spathe-like, many, boat-shaped, acuminate: fls. many, 

 large, in a spatheor bract; petals long-exserted; sepals 

 free: fr. a 3-valved capsule. 



A. Lvs. shorter than petioles. 



Madagascari6nsis, J. F. Gmel. Travelers' Tree, 

 so called from the clear watery sap found in the large 

 box-like cells of the leaf-stalks and which affords a re- 

 freshing drink. Fig. 2084. Lvs. often 30 ft. high, mu- 

 sa-like, very large, fibrous : fls. white, in spathes about 

 7 in. long. Gng. 5:153. V. 23, p. 136. F.S. 21:2254. 

 A.F. 12:535. R.H. 1890, p. 152. G.C. III. 2:693. A.Q. 



r^^''k:/- 



2084. Travelers' Tree— Ravenala Madaerascariensis. 



