1560 



ROSCOEA 



ROSE 



purple, blue or yellow fls. terminating the leafy stems. 

 Lvs. lanceolate or oblong: fls. in terminal, usually few- 

 fld. spikes; bracts persistent, _l-fld. ; calyx long-tubular, 

 slit down one side; corolla-tube slender; as long as 

 calyx or longer; lateral segments spreading; lateral 

 staminodes oblanceolate, petaloid; lip large, cuneate, 

 deflexed, 2-cleft or emarginate. 



purpilrea, Sm. Stem /^-l ft. high, with 5-6 sessile, 

 lanceolate, sheathing lvs. about 6 in. long: fls. few, pur- 

 ple, rarely lilac or white, in a sessile spike, appearing 

 one at a time in midsummer. B.R. 27:61. B.M. 4630. 

 L.B.C. 15:1404. G.C. III. 8:191. -The most hardy spe- 

 cies of the genus. Var. Sikkim6nsis, Hort. Elwes (i?. 

 SikkimSnsis, Van Tubergen), is said to differ in having 

 the epiphytic habit and more numerous fls. of a different 

 shade. Consult G.C. III. 8:221. p. W. Barclay. 



BOSE (see also Rosa). The article Rose will probably 

 be consulted oftener than any other in this Cyclopedia. 

 Therefore, the subject is presented from many points 

 of view, even at the risk of repetition. Every pains 

 has been taken to procure reliable information and ad- 

 vice from specialists in the different parts of the sub- 

 ject. It has been said that the garden Rose does not 

 thrive in North America as it does in Europe; but how- 

 ever true this may have been, it scarcely holds to-day. 

 The success of the Rose in this country is very largely 

 a question of the selection of adaptable varieties. These 

 varieties are mostly the compounds of various types and 

 species. In most garden Roses it is now impossible to 

 trace the original species with accuracy. For horticul- 

 tural purposes, a purely botanical classification is of 

 minor consequence, although, in the main, the leading 

 garden-groups follow old specific lines. For a garden 

 classification that follows botanical lines closely, see 

 Baker in Gardener's Chronicle, li. 24, p. 199 (1885). 



The leading contemporaneous American text on the 

 Rose is Ellwanger's. American Rose books are: "The 

 Rose Manual," Robert Buist, Philadelphia, 1844, and 

 later editions; "Manual of Roses," William Robert 

 Prince, New York, 1846; "The Rose," Samuel Parsons, 

 New York, 1847, and later editions; "American Rose 

 t'ulturist," New York, 1856; "Book of Roses," Francis 

 Parkman, Boston, 1866; "The Rose," Henry Shaw, St. 

 Louis, 1882; "The Rose," H. B. Ellwanger", New York, 

 1882, 2d ed. 1892; "Secrets of Rose Culture," W. J. 

 Hatton, Huntington, N. Y., 1891. For a list of Rose 

 books in all languages, see "Bibliografia de la Rosa," 

 by Vergara, Madrid, 1892. 



Following are the equivalents of some of the common 

 names of Roses: 



Ayrshire R. arvensis, var. capreolata' 



Banks Rose R. Banksice. 



Bengal R. Chinensis. 



Bourbon R. Borhonica. 



Champney R. Noiseifiana. 



Cherokee R. Iceingatn. 



Cinnamon R. cinnamomea . 



Damask R. Damascena. 



Dog R. canina. 



Eglantine R. rnbiginosa. 



Memorial R. Wichuraiana. 



Moss R. Gallica, var. muscosa. 



Musk R. nioschata. 



Noisette R. jVoisetfiana. 



Prairie R. sefic/era. 



Provence R. Gollica. 



Scotch N. sphwsissima. 



Sweetbrier R. rnbiginosa. 



Tea R. Chinensis, var. fragrans. 



L. H. B. 



Horticultural Classification of Roses.— The garden 

 classification of Roses presents considerable difficulty, 

 as the several groups have been so much mixed that 

 the original characteristics of each overlap at nearly all 

 points. This is particularly true of the Perpetuals, of 

 which any close classification is impossible. The difli- 

 culties increase as one advances. Certain clear-cut 

 characters may be taken to mark certain distinct groups 

 in the summer Roses, with which the horticulturist has 

 not busied himself so much. Nearly all of these char- 



acters are reproduced in the Perpetuals, and, being 

 blended togetner, give rise to endless confusion; thus 

 the following scheme is merely suggestive and should 

 be studied in comparison with the botanical classifi- 

 cation (see page 1548). 



Amei-ican Rose culture, so far as garden varieties are 

 concerned, can hardly be said to have found itself as 

 yet. Our growers are to-day striving to overcome the 

 short-lived character of the blooms, so as to import into 

 our gardens something of the Rose beauty of Europe. 

 The Wichuraiana, Rugosa, and Multiflora Roses, com- 

 bined with our native species and blended again with the 

 best representatives of the garden groups already grown, 

 seem to offer the solution. The beginning has already 

 been made. The hot sun and trying climatic conditions 

 of our summers are fatal to the full beauties of the 

 Roses of France and England. The flower is developed 

 so quickly that it has no opportunity to "build" itself; 

 and once developed it fades as rapidly. What has been 

 done for other florists' flowers remains yet to be accom- 

 plished for the Rose, and the American Rose of the 

 future will have to be developed to suit the circum- 

 stances in the same way that the American carnation 

 has been produced. A special society has been formed 

 to foster this work and is now in its third year of exis- 

 tence. 



Class I. Summer-flowering Eoses, blooming once only. 



A. Large-flowered (double). 



B. Growth branching or 



pendulous: leaf 



wrinkled 1. Provence 



Moss 



Pompon 



Sulphurea 



Damask and French 

 Hybrid French 

 Hybrid Provence 

 Hybrid Bourbon 

 Hybrid China 

 BBB. Growth free: leaf 

 whiti sh above, 



spineless 3. Alba 



AA. Small-flowered {single 

 and double). 

 B. Growth climbing: fls. 



produced singly.... i. Ayrshire 

 BB. Growth short-jointed, 

 generally, except in 



A Ipine 5. ^Hers 



Austrian 



Scotch 



Sweet 



Penzance 



Prairie 



Alpine 



BB. Growth firm and ro- 

 bust : leaf downy . . 



BBB. Growth climbing: fls. 



in clusters 6. 



BBBB. Growth free: foliage 

 persistent {more or 

 less, shiny 7. 



Multiflora 

 Polyantha 



Bvergreen 

 Sempervirens 

 Wichuraiana 

 Cherokee 

 Banksian 

 BBBBB. Growth free ; foliage 



wrinkled 8. Pompon 



Class II. Summer- and autumn-flowering Boses, bloom- 

 ing more or less continuously. 



A. Large-flowered. 



B. Foliage very rough... 9. Hybrid Perpetual 



10. Ififbrid Tea 



11. 3[nss 

 BB. Foliage rough V2. Bourbon 



V.\. Bourbon Perpetual 



BBB. Foliage smooth 14. China 



Tea 



Lawrenceana (Fairy) 



