ROSE 



ROSE 



1563 



Garden-group 17. Polyantha. Perpetual - flowering 

 varieties of the Multiflora group. The term in gardens 

 is taken to include a large number of small cluster-flow- 

 ered, climbing Roses, and is particularly important in 

 American Rose culture, as the basis of a new section of 

 hybrids with the Teas and (erroneously) including hy- 

 brids of Wichuraiana and Teas. M. H. Walsh in JVlas- 

 sachusetts, M. Horvath in Ohio, and Jackson Daw- 

 son in Massachusetts have accomplished important 

 work in this field. Some of Walsh's recent introduc- 

 tions, as Debutante and Sweetheart, not as yet fairly 

 tried, and the Dawson Rose may be classed here. They 

 are valuable as trellis and pillar Roses for garden deco- 

 ration. 



Garden-group 18. Perpetual Briers. Of this group 

 there are about five important types. 



Rugosa or Japan Rose, a low-growing bush: hardy: 

 useful as a hedge plant, and specially adapted for ex- 

 posed situations near the seashore. Figs. 2162-4. 

 Hybrids have been made with other Perpetual groups, 

 especially Teas and H. P's. Mme. Georges Bruant is 

 a type. The Rugosa blood is strongly seen in all cases, 

 Lucida, a small insignificant group, having some 

 connection with the Macartney. 

 Microphylla has minute leaflets. 

 Berberidifolia has leaves somewhat resembling bar- 

 berry. 



Perpetual Scotch, a perpetual - flowering form of 

 Mosa spinosissima, probably a hybrid from the Dam- 

 ask. 



Garden-group 19. Evergreen. Two types, as follows: 

 Macartney, slender: sweetly scented and very florif- 

 erous throughout the season. Is derived from R. 

 hracteata. 



Wichuraiana. The Wichuraiana hybrids already re- 

 ferred to in the Polyantha group may dubiously be 

 included here. They have not yet been sufiiciently 

 tested Leonard Barron. 



Rose Gardens for Rose Lovers. — The Hybrid Per- 

 petual or Hybrid Remontant Rose (hybrids of Rosa 

 Damascena, Borhonica, etc.) is the largest and most im- 

 portant group of hardy Roses. The common varieties 

 are crosses of Provence and Damask Roses upon Bour- 

 bons, Bengals and Teas, and vice versa. Of all Roses, 

 Hybrid Perpetuals, in regions of severe winters, offer 

 the amateur the greatest promise of success. 



A warm sunny spot shielded from strong or bleak 

 winds should be chosen for the Rose garden. A piece 

 of woods or a hedge offer good protection if they are 

 far enough away from the Ijushes so that they do not 

 shade them or rob them of nourishment. Dean Hole 

 says, "The Rose garden must not be in an exposed 

 situation. It must have shelter, but it must not have 

 shade. No boughs may darken, no drip may saturate, 

 no roots may rob the Rose." A hillside is less exposed 

 to late frosts than valley and is therefore better. The 

 ground must be well drained. If nature has not pro- 

 vided such a spot the Rose-grower must make one. 



The ideal soil for the Hybrid Perpetual Rose is a 

 strong rich clay or loam. Though Tea Roses sometimes 

 do well in gravel or sandy soil. Hybrid Perpetuals never 

 do. The ground should be spaded up to a good depth 

 and all stones, grass and roots carefully removed. 



Late autumn is the best time for setting out hardy 

 Roses. The writer has set out over a hundred Hybrid 

 Perpetuals and Hybrid Teas when he was compelled to 

 shovel away several inches of snow and break up tlie 

 frozen crust of the earth with crow-bar and pick-ax 

 before he could dig the trench in which he planted 

 them, and yet he did not lose one of them. Put out late 

 in the fall with the earth well firmed around them and 

 properly protected, hardy and half-hardy Roses are 

 almost sure to come through the winter all right and 

 make a good bloom the first summer. In no other way 

 can Roses be set out so quickly and so well as in a 

 trench dug the proper depth and width. Budded plants 

 should be set so that the joints will be three inches 

 under the surface of the ground. This is the only way 

 to secure immunity from suckers growing from the 

 root into which the bush has been budded. The best 

 fertilizer for Roses is rotted cow manure. The next 

 in value is the manure from the pig-sty. 



Nearly all of the Hybrid Perpetuals and Mosses will 

 stand the severe winters in the northern states without 

 protection, but it is best tc protect them. Ah Bourbon, 

 Hybrid Noisette, Hybrid China and Hybrid Teas in the 

 northern, and in some of the middle states, must be 

 protected; "excelsior" tied around the bushes to the 

 height of 12 or 15 inches gives sufficient protection. 



When the leaves are out and the buds well formed a 

 mixture composed of three parts of wheat flour and one 

 of white hellebore sprinkled on the foliage when wet 

 after a rain or dew disposes of the most dangerous foes 

 of the Hybrid Perpetual. The dew and flour make a 

 paste that holds the hellebore on till its work is done. 

 A tea made of tobacco stems will destroy the insects 

 most troublesome in July and August. Trimming 

 should be done in the spring before the sap begins to 

 flow. 



The following embrace the best of the Hybrid Per- 

 petuals: Alfred Colomb, Anne de Diesbach, Baron de 

 Bonstetten, Baroness Rothschild, Clio, Earl of Duflferin, 



2171, 



Yellow Tea Rose, Madame Honore Defresne. 

 popular in the South (X ^). 



Fisher Holmes, Francois Michelon, Gloire de Margottin, 

 Gen. Jacqueminot, Gustave Piganeau, Heinrich Schul- 

 theis, Jean Liabaud, Jeannie Dickson, Jubilee, La 

 Rosiere, Louis Van Houtte, Mabel Morrison, Mme. Ga- 

 briel Luizet, Marchioness of Lome, Margaret Dickson, 

 Marie Baumann, Marshall P. Wilder, Mrs. John Laing, 

 Pierre Netting, Prince Camille de Rohan, Queen of 

 Queens, Xavier Olibo, Paul Neyron, Ulrich Brunner, 



The Moss Rose (Rosa GalUca, var. mtiscosa] is a 

 universal favorite. The best varieties are Crested, Gra- 

 cilis and Common Moss. Fig. 2157. Seven leaflets are 

 found on most of them. They must be closely pruned. 



The Perpetual Moss Rose (Rosa GalUca, var. mus- 

 cosa): These are like the Moss Roses except that they 

 are autumnal bearers. Mme. Edward Ory, Salet and 

 Soupert-et-Notting are the best of this class. The best 

 results can be secured only by close pruning. 



Sweetbrier {Rosa rubiginosa) : Eglantine is a name 

 given to a Rose found in a wild state in various coun- 

 tries. One variety known as Common Sweetbrier, a 

 native of England, is prized wherever known. It owes 

 its popularity not to its flower but to the perfume of its 

 foliage. The attempts made to develop the flower and 

 still retain the fragrance of its foliage have not yet been 

 successful. No better Rose can be found for hedge- 

 making. 



Austrian Brier (Rosa Bglanteria) : This Rose has 7 or 9 



