1586 



RUBUS 



RUBUS 



it was determined, in 1898, that Aiton had the Dew- 

 berry, rather than the Blackberry, when he made the 

 name R. villosns, it became necessary to revise our no- 

 menclature. It was supposed until that time, also, that 

 Linnaeus meant to designate the Dewberry by his R. 

 Canadensis, but he really had the Thoruless Black- 

 berry. 



Var. MicMganensis, Card. A strong-growing form 

 with mostly fewer prickles, very large, irregularly den- 

 tate-cut Ifts. and pubescent fl. -clusters. S. W. Mich., 

 and probably elsewhere. Not known to be in cult. 



Var. roribdccus, Bailey. Lucretia Dewberry. Figs. 

 697, 098, Vol. I. Very robust form, with large, wedge- 

 obovate, deep-cut Ifts., very long pedicels, very large 

 fls. (sometimes 2 in. across) and leafy-tipped calyx- 

 lobes: fr. large. West Virginia, and in cultivation as 

 the Lucretia Dewberry, which is the most popular cur- 

 rent variety. 



33. invisus, Bailey (R. Canadensis, var. invXsus, 

 Bailey). Pigs. 2213, 2214. Canes strong, terete, some- 

 what ascending, not veiy prickly (the prickles straight- 

 ish): Ifts. large and rather thin, light green, those on 

 the verdurous shoots coarsely and simply toothed and 

 the teeth usually abruptly pointed: fl. -cluster forking, 

 with 2-6 long, slender, usually hispid pedicels: fls. 

 large, with leaf-like sepals. Not uncommon from New 

 York to Kansas and the Gulf. — In cultivation as Bartel 

 and other Dewberries. When once understood, this 

 species is generally easy to recognize. The best single 

 diagnostic character is the large simple toothing of the 

 leaflets on the sterile shoots. 



Group 4. The Southern Deivber- 

 ries, with very long, prickly and 

 often hispid canes, narrow per- 

 sistent Ifts., and mostly 1-fld. 

 peduncles. 



34. triviilis.Michx. •v'i^' 

 S;ouTHERN Dew- 

 berry. Fig. 2215. A 

 most variable and 

 perplexing species, 

 the difficulties being 

 increased by the fact 

 that the same plant 

 may bear three kinds 

 of leaves : the large, 

 broad Blackberry- 

 like Ivs. on the young 

 verdurous sterile 

 shoots ; the smaller 

 Ivs. on the canes that 

 are to bear fruit and 

 which often persist over winter and remain at flowering 

 time; the small Ivs. that appear with or somewhat be- 

 fore the flowers. It is seldom thatthe leaves of sterile 



2209. Rubus Randii (XiK)- 



2210. Swamp Dewberry— Rubus 

 hispidus (X }/i.). No. 30. 



2208. Rubus argutus — The Early Harvest Blackberry. No. 25 



2207. Cultivated form of Kubus iiigrobaccus, var. sativus. 

 (X%.) No. 22. 



and flowering shoots of the same plant arc yireserved in 

 herbaria. Canes very long, usually wliolly ]>riistrate 

 (sometimes 10-15 ft. ), thickly armed with prickles and 

 sometimes bearing reddish bristles : 

 Ifts. usually 3, narrow-ovate to ob- 

 long, short-pointed, rather shallowly 

 and sometimes bluntly toothed, the 

 petiole and midribs usually prickly: 

 fls. of medium size, 

 mostly on simple, 

 more or less prickly 

 peduncles : fr. usu- 

 ally oblong, some- 

 times excellent but 

 o f t e n e r drj' and 

 seedy. From Virginia 

 to Florida and Texas, 

 and in cult, in two or 

 three forms for its 

 fruit.— This is the 

 common Dewberry of 

 the southern states. 

 It is often a serious 

 pest in old fields. 

 Some of the forms are 

 very distinct, but it seems to be impossible to discover 

 characters by means of which they can be distinguished 

 with even a fair degree of uniformity. Some of these 

 forms have fls. 2 in. across. Fig. 2215 is a drawing of one 

 of the specimens (there are two similar specimens on 

 the sheet) on which Michaux founded R. trivialis. Bo- 

 tanically, this species is] probably the most perplex- 

 ing of American Rubi. Some of the kinds in the ex- 

 treme South are remarkably robust. Forms have been 

 found with canes 40-50 ft. long and nearly an inch in 

 diameter. 



Group 5. The Western Dewberries, with pubescent 

 Ivs., and fls. often imperfect. 



35. vitifdlius, Cham. & Schlecht. (R. nrsinus, 

 Cham. & Schlecht. R. macropitalus, DoMgX.). Pacific 

 Coast Dewberry. Widely trailing, with slender, more 

 or less pubescent canes which are provided with long 

 but weak, straight or slightly recurved prickles: Ivs. 

 various, xisually thicker and more woolly upon the 

 staminate plants, composed of three ovate, doubly cre- 

 nate-toothed leaflets, or sometimes only S-lobed, the 

 long petiole and usually the midribs prickly: fls. per- 

 fect, staminate or pistillate on different plants, borne on 

 shoots 6-12 in. high, which bear 1- to 2-flowered prickly 

 or hispid and generally jnibescent peduncles, the petals 

 of the staminate forms large and showy, those of the 

 ])istillate forms usually small, the calyx-lobes either 

 short and entire or somcwliat prolonged and indistinctly 

 toothed: fr. of fair size, blackish, mostly round-oblong, 



