SAXIFRAGA 



SCABIOSA 



1621 



26. azoldes, Linn. Tufted plant, 6 in. or less tall, gla- 

 brous except for the sparingly setose leaf -margins: Ivs. 

 linear-lanceolate, somewhat fleshy, scattered along the 

 stem: tis. solitary on axillary pedicels near the top of stem, 

 yellow and more or less spotted with orange, the petals 

 oblong. Eu., Asia, N. Amer., in the U. S. occurring in 

 northern New England, northern New York, northern 

 Mich., Rocky Mts., etc. 



27. bronchialis, Linn. Dwarf and cespitose, the scape 

 a few inches high and nearly leafless but leafy at the 

 base: Ivs. linaar to linear-lanceolate, mucronulate at 

 the apex, ciliate or spinulose on the margin, stiflish: 

 fls. solitary or corymbose, on long and weak 

 peduncles, yellowish white with orange-red 

 dots, the petals obovate-oblong. Asia and 

 arctic N. W. America and Rocky Mts. Only 

 var. cherlerioides, Engler {S. chcrlerioides, 

 Don), has appeared in the Amer. trade: 

 very dwarf, only 2 or 3 in. high, densely ces- 

 pitose, few-flowered, the Ivs. short and some- 

 what spatulate. Asia and Alaska. 



28. Campdsii, Boiss. & Reut. (S. Wallace- 

 dna, Hort. ). Tufted and bright green, with 

 reddish fl. -stems, hairy and somewhat glan- 

 dular: Ivs. spatulate, with an abruptly en- 

 larging end, 3-5-lobed, and sometimes again 

 toothed : fl. -stems branching, 3-4 in. high, 

 erect: fls. % in. across, white, somewhat 

 bell-shaped, the broad petals much exceeding 

 the calyx. Spain. B.M, 6640. Gn. 35, p. 392. 

 A.F. 4:493.— Once introduced here, but does 

 not endure the hot climate well. An attrac- 

 tive species. 



29. caespitdsa, Linn. Exceedingly variable 

 species: dwarf and cespitose, the fl.- 

 stems erect and nearly leafless and 

 somewhat glandular-pilose (3-4 in. 

 high) : Ivs. usually cuneatebut some- 

 times nearly linear, 

 usually 3-fid and some- 

 times 5-fld, the lobes 

 linear and obtuse and 

 nearly parallel: fls. 

 few, white, 1-10 in a 

 raceme or panicle, 

 campanulate, the pet- 

 als spreading, oblong 

 and obtuse, 3-nerved. 

 Eu. 



30. aph^Ua, Sternb. 

 (S. leptophylla, Froel.). 

 Small, loosely cespi- 

 tose species, producing 



many or several rosettes at the surface of the ground, 

 and sending up short, almost leafless, 1-fld. or 2-fld. 

 glandular scapes: Ivs. thinnish, entire or 3-5-lobed: 

 fls. light yellow, the petals linear and acute and about 

 as long as the calyx-lobes. Eu. 



31. umbrdsa, Linn. London Pride. St. Patrick's 

 ■Cabbage. Erect - growing plant, the nearly leafless 

 branching fl. -stems reaching 6-12 in. high and spring- 

 ing from a dense rosette of Ivs. 6-12 in. across: Ivs. 

 thick and mostly glabrous, obovate, crenate - dentate, 

 the stalk-like base ciliate: fls. small, pink, with darker 

 spots, in a loose panicle, the petals ovate or oblpng and 

 spreading. Eu., in shady places. — A very neat and at- 

 tractive plant, frequent in European gardens, but rarely 

 seen here. There is a var. variegita, Hort. 



32. Geum, Linn. (S. Jiirsuta, Linn.). Differs from S. 

 umbrosa in being hairy, in having orbicular Ivs. that 

 are cordate or notched at the base and on long stalks. 

 Range of last, and said to occur in Newfoundland. 



33. sarmentdfea, Linn. {S. Japdnica, Hort. S. Clii- 

 ninsis, Lour.). Strawberry Geranium. In England 

 known as Mother of Thousands, a name also applied 

 to Linaria Cijmbalaria. Old Man's Beard. Fig. 2261. 

 True stem or caudex scarcely rising above the ground, 

 but the fl. -stems rising 1-2 ft. and much branched, 

 whole plant sparsely hairy : stolons many, long and 

 rooting freely at the joints after the manner of a straw- 

 berry: Ivs. nearly orbicular, shallowly crenate - lobed, 

 the lobes apiculate, all radical and long-stalked : fls. 



many, white, the 2 lower hanging petals lanceolate 

 pointed or lance-ovate, the 3 upper ones small and in- 

 conspicuous and pinkish and spotted. Japan and China. 

 B.M. 92. G.C. III. 7:237 (showing irritability of plant 

 to light). Gn. 30, p. 363; 32, p. .37. R.H. 1876, p. 427.- 

 An old-time greenhouse plant, and also one of the com- 

 monest window-garden subjects. Of easiest culture. 

 Var. tricolor, Sieb. (S. tricolor sup4rba, Hort.), has Ivs. 

 handsomely marked with creamy white and red varie- 

 gations. F.S. 21:2227-8 (as S. I^rtunei tricolor). S. 

 Fortunei, Hook. (B.M. 5377), is a closely allied species, 

 but is less (if any) sarraentose, the Ivs. are more 

 sharply toothed, the fls. are white and the 

 lower petals are dentate. L H B 



SAXIFRAGE. See Saxifraga. 



SCABIOSA (Latin, itch ; referring to medi- 

 cinal use). Bipsacdceo'. Scabious. Mourn- 

 ing Bride. Al)out 52 species (from Eu., 

 Asia and Afr. ) of annual or perennial herbs, 

 often somewhat woody at the base, with en- 

 tire, lobed, or dissected Ivs. and blue, rose, 

 yellow or white fls. in mostly long-pedun- 

 cled globular or ovoid-conic heads. Bracts 

 of the involucre in 1 or 2 rows, foliaceous, 

 mostly free: scales of the receptacle small, 

 narrow or none : corolla 4-5-cleft: stamens 

 4, rarely 2, all perfect. For a related plant, 

 see Ceplialaria. 



In any moderately good garden soil a 

 succession of flowers is produced from June 

 until frost. The flowers are very service- 

 able for cutting purposes. Propagated by 

 seed or division. Many of the peren- 

 nial species act like biennials in culti- 

 vation, and often flower the first year 

 from seed. S. atropur- 

 jnirea is a common gar- 

 den annual. 



index. 



alba, 3, 7. 

 arvensis, 2. 

 atropurpurea, 4. 

 brachiata, 6. 

 candidissima, 4. 

 Caucasica, 7. 



2261. Saxifraga sarmentosa (X%). 



coccinea, 4. 

 Columbaria, 3. 

 compacta, 4. 

 graminifolia, 8. 

 major, 4. 

 nana, 4. 



ochroleuca, 1. 

 perfecta, 7. 

 pumila, 4. 

 stellata, 5. 

 varia, 2. 

 Webbiana, 1. 



A. Radical leaves dentate or lobed. 



B. Fls. yellow 1. ochroleuca 



BB. Fls. dark pxirple, blue or white. 

 c. Calyx-limb sessile or nearly so. 



D. Lvs. sessile 2. arvensis 



DD. IJvs. petioled 3. Columbaria 



CC. Calyx-limb pedicellate. 



D. Plant 2 ft. high 4. atropurpurea 



DD. Plant 6-18 in. high 5. stellata 



AA. Radical Ivs. entire. 



B. Lvs. ovate-oblong 6. brachiata 



BE. Lvs. lance-linear to linear. 



0. Heads 3 in. across 7. Caucasica 



CC. Heads smaller 8. graminifolia 



1. ochroletica, Linn. A hardy perennial herb about 18 

 in. high: stem branching and somewhat hairy: Ivs. 

 whitish pubescent, the radical crenate or lyrately pin- 

 natifid, tapering to a petiole, pubescent on both sides; 

 those of the stem 1-2-pinnately divided or cleft into ob- 

 long or linear lobes: peduncles long, slender: Ivs. of 

 the involucre shorter than the fls. June to autumn. 

 Eu. and Asia. Var. Webbi&na (S. Webbidna, D. Don). 

 Height 6-10 in. : lower lvs canescent-villous, the upper 

 glabrous. Resembles the type but is smaller in all its 

 parts. B.R. 9:717. 



2. arv6nsis, Linn. (S. vdria, Gilib.). A hardy per- 

 ennial 2-4 ft. high: stem hispid: lvs. villous-hirsute, 

 the radical unequally pinnately parted, the lobes lanceo- 



