SMILAX 



SOBKALIA 



1673 



BB. Stem woody. 

 C. Foliage evergreen. 

 laurifdlia, Linn. Stem stout, hiKh-clirabing, armed 

 with straight prickles: branches an{,'led, mostly un- 

 armed : Ivs. leathery elliptic or ohlons-laiiceolate, ."!- 

 merved : umbels fi-30-fld., on short, stout peduncles: 

 ■berries black, ovoid. N. J., south and west to Ark. 



\\C\ -^ 



2331. Smilacina racemosa (X /^). 



CO. Foliage deciduous. 

 W&lteri, Pursh. Stem climbing, angled, prickly be* 

 low: branches unarmed: Ivs. ovate to ovate-lanceolate 

 obtuse or abruptly acute, 5-7-nerved: umbels 6-15- fid., 

 on short peduncles: berries coral-red or rarely white. 

 Wet soil, N. J. to Pla. west to Mississippi river. B.B. 

 1=442. F.W.Barclay. 



SMOKE TEEE. Rims Cotinus. 



SMUT. A prevalent disease of many cultivated cereal 

 grasses and other plants caused by the attack of a 

 fungus of the class ustilagineje, sometimes producing 

 swellings on various parts of the host, the swellings 

 being eventually filled with brownish or blackish spores 

 known as chlamydospores, which emerge, as a fine dust- 

 like powder, when the outer membrane of the hyper- 

 trophic tissues bursts or cracks. The smut on Indian 

 •corn may be taken as typical. The disease usually ap- 

 pears first on the leaves, afterwards at the junction of 

 leaf-sheath and blade; finally the ear of corn is attacked, 

 and the tassel. On the leaves blisters are found; on 

 the ear, large, whitish polished swellings appear. As 

 the spores mature, the swellings become darker in 

 color, and the inclosing membrane finally ruptures, ex- 

 posing the dark olive-green mass of spores. Unlike 

 most other cereals, maize can be inoculated at any age. 

 Several smuts have been described; viz., loose smut 

 of oats (Ustilago avenm), maize and teosinte smut 

 ( Ustilago zeif), stinking smut of wheat ( Til let ia tritici), 

 rye smut (Urocystis occulta), onion smut ( Urocystis 

 cepula>), and colchicum smut (LTrocy.«:tis colchiri). For 

 an account of the grain smuts, see Swingle, Farmers' 

 Bull. 7.5, U. S. Dept. Agric. Jqhn W. Hakrhberger. 



SNAILS. See Caterpillars and Worms. 



SNAKE CUCUMBEE. A form of Cucumis Mela. 



SNAKE GOUED. See Trichosanthes. 



SNAKEHEAD. CJielone. 



SNAKEEOOT. Black S. Cimirifuga racemosa and 

 iSaiiicHla Marilandirii. Button S. Liutris. Canadian 

 S. is Asarinn. Seneca S. I'olygala Senega. White S. 

 ijupatori>iin iigerateroides. 



SNAKE'S BEAED. Ophiopognn. Snake's Head Iris. 

 JBermodactylus. .Snake's Head Lily. Fritillaria 

 Meleagris. 



SNAKE'S MOUTH. Pogonia. 



SNAKE'S TONGUE. Ophioglossum. 



SNAPDEAGON is Antirrhimim. 



SNEEZE WEED. Helenium. 



SNEEZEWOOD. See Ptwrorylon. 



SNEEZEWOET is Achillea. 



SNOWBALL TEEE. riburnum Opulus. 



SNOWBEEEY. Consult Chiococca and Chiogenes; 

 also Sy tiiph oricarpus . 



SNOWDEOP. See Galanthus. 



SNOWDEOP TEEE. Halesia. 



SNOWFLAKE. Lencojmn. 



SNOW FLOWEE. Chionanthus. 



SNOW GLOEY. Chionndoxa. 



SNOW-ON-THE-MOUNTAIN. 



nata. 



Euphorbia margi- 



SNOW PEAE. Pyrus nivalis. 

 SNOW TEEE. Pyrus nivalis. 

 SNOW WEEATH. Neviusia Alabamensis. 

 SOAP BAEK TEEE. Quillaja Saponaria. 

 SOAP BEEEY. Sapindus. 

 SOAP BULB. Chlorogalnm. 

 SOAP-PLANT. See Chlorogalum. 

 SOAPWOET. Saponaria officinalis. 



SOBOLfiWSKIA (after G. Sobolewski, Russian bota- 

 nist). Cruciferce. About 2 species of Asiatic annual or 

 biennial, erect, branching herbs, with long-petioled, 

 roundish, coarsely serrate leaves and white flowers 

 borne in numerous corymb-like racemes: silique cla- 

 vate, compressed or nearly terete, curved, coriaceous, 

 inflated at the apes, 1-celled, 1-seeded. 



clavata, Fenzl. Basal Ivs. reniform-cordate, the up- 

 per nearly sessile: silique 23^ lines long by 1% lines 

 wide. May. — Offered by John Saul in 1893. 



F. W. Barclay. 



SOBEALIA (after Fr. Mart. Sobral, a Spanish bota- 

 nist). Orchiddcece. This is a genus of extremely hand- 

 some orchids with a very distinct habit. The plants 

 have slender, reed-like stems clothed with leaves 

 throughout their entire length. The stems are tufted, 

 forming bushy plants varying in height according to 

 the species. The flowers are among the largest of the 

 orchids, those of S. macrantha attaining a diameter of 

 9 in. across the sepals. They are, however, very fuga- 

 cious, fading a few days after opening. Lvs. with 

 sheathing bases, plicate-venose: fls. membranaceous, 

 few, in short, terminal racemes, or solitary; sepals and 

 petals spreading: labelhim convolute around the column, 

 terminal portion large, undulate, often fimbriate, smooth 



