STADMANNIA 



STANHOPEA 



1715 



therefore very uncertain names, and the following 

 diagnosis of the genus (taken from Baker's "Flora of 

 Mauritius and the Seychelles," 1877) is probably suffi- 

 ciently inclusive. Fls. regular, polygamous; calyx a 

 deep cup, with 5 obscure, deltoid teeth; petals none; 

 disk thick, elevated, lobed; stamens 8, regular, ex- 

 serted: style short; stigma capitate: ovary deeply 

 3-lobed, 3-loculed; ovules solitary in each cell; fr. usually 

 1-celled by abortion, large, dry, round, indehiscent. 



The generic name is sometimes written Stadtmannia, 

 a spelling which is said to be an error dating back to 

 Walpers' Annales (1851-52). S. amabilis is an Ameri- 

 can trade name which seems to be practically unknown 

 to science. H. A. Siebrecht says it is "an imposing 

 decorative plant for stove culture." He adds that it 

 requires the treatment given Fatsia Japonica and 

 Gardenias. Give heavy loam. Propagated by cuttings 

 under glass, or out of doors in summer. 



S. oppositifblia. Lam. (8. Sideroxylon, DC). BOIS DE Fer. 

 Lvs. alternate, petioled, abruptly pinnate: lfts. 8-12, opposite, 

 oblong, short-stalked, obtuse, coriaceous, entire, oblique at 

 base: panicles dense, cylindrical, 3-4 in. long: fr. hard, globu- 

 lar, nearly 1 in. thick. yy jj_ 



STAGHOEN FERN. Platycerium. 

 STAGHORN SUMACH. See Rhus. 

 STANDING CYPRESS. Gilia coronopifolia. 



STANGERIA (Wni. Stanger, surveyor -general of 

 Natal; died 1854). Vycatlacea . Stangeria paradoxa, T. 

 Moore, is unique among the cycads by reason of the 

 venation of its leaflets. In all the other members of 

 the family the veins of the leaf-segments are parallel 

 and horizoutal; in this one plant they are all free and 

 run directly from the midrib to the margin. This 

 pinnate venation is so extraordinary that the plant 

 looks more like a fern than a cycad, and in fact it was 

 so described before the fruits were known. Stangeria 

 is a South African plaut with an odd turnip-shaped 

 stem (properly caudex or rhizome), at the top of which 

 are 3-4 handsome leaves each 2 ft. long and 1 ft. broad, 

 with about 12 pairs of leaflets which are fern-like and 

 unusually broad for the family. This plant was intro- 

 duced to the American trade by Reasoner Bros., of 

 Oneco, Fla., in 1890, but it is little known in cultivation 

 in this country. 



All the cycads have a high reputation among con- 

 noisseurs as decorative foliage plants for warm conser- 

 vatories. The most popular is Cycae re valuta, which 

 see for cultural suggestions. The flowers and fruits in 

 this family are very singular and interesting. The 

 male cones of Stangeria are G inches long and an inch 

 or so in width. The female cones are much smaller, 

 2-3 in. long. The structure of the cones and fruits 

 shows that Stangeria is closely related to Enceph- 

 alartos. The species above mentioned is probably the only 

 one, but it seems to have several well-marked varieties. 

 For a fuller account see B.M. 5121. \y jj 



STANHOPEA (named for the Earl of Stanhope, presi- 

 dent of the Medico-Botanical Society, London). Orchi- 

 dacece. A genus of about 20 species inhabiting tropical 

 America from Mexico to Brazil. These plants are easily 

 grown and very interesting, but the fugacious character 

 of their dowers has been unfavorable to their extensive 

 cultivation. The flowers are produced on thick scapes, 

 which bore their way through the material in which 

 they are planted and emerge from the bottom of the 

 basket. The flowers expand with a perceptible sound 

 early in the morning. They are large, fragrant, and 

 curiously formed. The sepals and petals are usu- 

 ally refiexed ; they are subequal or the petals are nar- 

 rower. The labellum is remarkably transformed. The 

 basal part or hypochil is boat-shaped or saccate, often 

 with two horns on the upper margin. This passes 

 gradually into the mesochil, which consists of a fleshy 

 central part and two lateral horns. The terminal lobe 

 or epichil is firmly or movably joined to the mesochil. 

 It is usually fleshy and keeled but not saccate. The 

 base of the labellum is continuous with the long-winged 

 column. Pseudobulbs clustered on the short rhizome, 



sheathed with scales and each bearing a single large 

 plaited leaf contracted to a petiole at the base. 



Heinkich Hasselbring. 

 Stanhopeas enjoy a shady, moist location. A tempera- 

 ture of 60-65° F. at night and 70-75° during the day 

 should be maintained in winter, with a gradual advance 

 of 10° toward midsummer. They should be grown sus- 

 pended from the roof in orchid cabins or terra cotta 

 baskets with large openings at the bottom, and if drain- 

 age is used it should be placed in such a manner that 

 it will not interfere with the exit of the pendulous 

 flower scapes. Equal parts chopped sphagnum and 

 peat fiber forms a good compost. By severing the 

 rhizome here and there between the old pseudobulbs, 

 new growths will be sent up and thus the stock may be 

 increased. R . M _ Grey 



INDEX. 



atrata, 9. 



bicolor, 10. 

 Bucephalus, 4. 

 Devonieusis, 7. 

 eburnea, 1. 

 ecornuta, 12. 



grandiflora, 1, 4. 



insignis, 6. 

 luteseens, 9. 



radiosa, 11. 

 saocata, 11. 

 Shnttleworthii, 

 superba, 9. 

 tigrina, 9. 

 Wardii, 2. 



a. Labellum with an excavated or 

 saccate base and a plane ter- 

 minal lobe. 

 b. Mesochil and pleuridia want- 

 ing ] . eburnea 



bb. Mesochil and pleuridia present. 

 0. Hypochil boat-shaped, short 



and sessile 2. Wardii 



CC. Hypochil boat-shaped, long 



and stalked 3. oculata 



4. Bucephalus 



5. platyceras 

 CCC. Hypochil saccate or globose. 



D. JSpichil entire >>r obso- 

 letely 3 -toothed at the 

 apex 6. insignis 



7. Devoniensis 



8. Shuttleworthii 

 DD. Epichil evidently S-toothed 



at tin- apex 9. tigrina 



10. Martiana 



11. saccata 

 aa. Labellum reduced to a saccate 



pouch 12. ecornuta 



1. eburnea, Lindl. (S. grandiflora, LimU.). Pseudo- 

 bulbs conical, 1% in. long: lvs. leathery, 8-12 in. long: 

 scapes pendulous, with small bracts, 2-3-fld. : fls. 5 in. 

 across, ivory white; sepals broad; petals narrow; la- 

 bellum 3 in. long, solid, fleshy, excavated at the base 

 and bearing 2 hooked horns over the mouth, spotted 

 above with reddish purple; column pale green, with 

 broad wings toward the apex. Guiana. B.M. 3359. 

 B.R. 18:1529. I.H. 14:531 (var. spectabilis). L.B.C. 

 15:1414 (as Ceratochilus grandi floras). B. 4:176. 



2. Wardii, Lodd. Pseudobulbs 2 in. long: lvs. large, 

 broad and leathery: flower-stem 9 in. long, bearing 3-9 

 lis., which are bright yellow to golden orange, spotted 

 with crimson; lateral sepal round - oblong, concave, 

 acute; petals lanceolate, revolute, the cavity in the base 

 of the labellum deep velvety purple. Aug. Mex. and S. 

 B.M. 5289.-Var. aurea, Hort. (S. aurea, Lodd.). Fls. 

 golden yellow, with 2 dark spots on the hypochil. 

 Fragrant. 



3. oculata, Lindl. Lvs. ovate, with a blade 1 ft. long: 

 scape 1 ft. long, clothed with scarious pale brown 

 sheaths, 3-6-fld.: fls. 5 in. across, very fragrant, pale 

 yellow, thickly spotted with purple; sepals 3 in. long, 

 refiexed ; petals one - half as large ; hypochil narrow, 

 white, spotted with crimson and having 2 large dark 

 brown spots near the base. Mexico. B.M. 5300. B.R. 

 21:1800. L.B.C. 18:1764 (as Ceratochilus ocalatus). 

 S.H. 2, p.435. G.C. III. 19:264. Gn. 56: 1450. -Distin- 

 guished from S. Bucephalus and S. Wardii by the 

 paler color and long, narrow hypochil. There are sev- 

 eral varieties, differing in color and markings. 



