ULMARIA 



ULMUS 



1879 



AA. Lfts. few, the terminal one much larger and pal- 

 mat ely S-9-lobed. 

 B. Lateral lfts. 3-5-lobed. 

 2. rubra, Hill (Spircea lobata, Gronov. Spircea pal- 

 mata, Linn. Filiplndula lobata, Maxim.). Queen of 

 the Prairie. Height 2-8 ft., glabrous: terminal lft. 

 large, 7-9-parted, with oblong, acuminate incisely ser- 

 rate lobes; lateral lfts. smaller, 3-5-lobed, on the upper 

 lvs. missing, green on both sides, only pubescent on the 

 veins beneath: Hs. pink, in a rather large paniculate 

 cyme: akenes 6-10, glabrous. June, July. Pa. to Ga., 

 west to Mich, and Ky. Ho. 2:145. — Beautiful. Var. 

 venusta.Hort, Fls. deep pink orcarmine. Var. albicans, 

 Hort. Fls. light pink, or almost white. R.B. 3:169. 



2609. Ulmaria Filipendula (plant about 2 feet high). 



3. palmata, Focke (Spircea palmata, Pall. Filipe'n- 

 dulce palmata, Max. Spiraea digit at a, Willd.). Height 

 2-3 ft.: lvs. whitish tomentose beneath or glabrous; 

 terminal lfts. 7-9-parted; stipules large, semi-cordate: 

 fls. pale pink at first, changing to white: akenes 5-8. 

 July. Siberia, Kamschatka and Sacchalin. — This spe- 

 cies is but rarely cult.; the plant common under the 

 name Spircea palmata belongs to F. purpurea. 



bb. Lateral lfts. none, or few and ovate. 



4. Camtschatica, Rehd. (Spircea Camtschdtica, Pall. 

 Spircea gigantea, Hort. Filipindula Camschdtica, 

 Maxim.). Height 5-10 ft. : lvs. glabrous or villous be- 

 neath, often with rufous veins; terminal lft. very large 

 cordate, 3-5-lobed, with broadly ovate, doubly serrate 

 lobes, lateral lfts. usually none; stipules large, semi- 

 cordate: fls. white: akenes usually 5, ciliate. July. 

 Manchuria, Kamschatka. 



5. purpurea, Rehd. (Spircea pa tmclta, Thunb. Fili- 

 pindula purpurea, Maxim.). Height 2-4 ft., glabrous: 

 terminal lft. very large, cordate, 5-7-lobed, with oblong, 

 acuminate, doubly serrate lobes; lateral lfts. none or 

 few, oblong -ovate; stipules narrow: fls. carmine or 

 deep pink, in large paniculate cymes with crimson pe- 

 duncles and stems: akenes usually 5, ciliate. June- 

 Aug. Japan. B.M. 5726. I.H. 15:577. F.S. 18:1851. 

 Gn. 17:36. — This is undoubtedly the finest species of 

 this genus. It is also sometimes grown in pots and 

 forced. Var. alba, Hort., has white fls. and var. ele- 

 gans, Hort., white Us., with red stamens and usually 

 several lateral lfts.; the latter is said to be a hybrid. 

 R.B. 4:7. 



6. pentapetala, Gilib. (JJ. palustris, Moench. Fili- 

 pindula Ulmaria, Maxim. Spircea Ulmaria, Linn.). 

 Queen of the Meadows. Height 2-6 ft. : lvs. glabrous 

 and greeu on both sides or whitish tomentose beneath; 

 terminal lfts. 3-5-lobed, 2-4 in. long, lateral lfts. smaller, 

 ovate, coarsely doubly serrate: fls. white, in rather 

 dense paniculate cymes: akenes about 10, semi-cordate, 

 almost glabrous, twisted. June-Aug. Europe, W. Asia 

 to Mongolia; naturalized in some places in the eastern 

 states. B.B. 2:224. — Var. aurea variegata, Hort., has 

 the lvs. variegated with yellow. Var. Slore pleno. Fls. 

 double. 



V. angnstifblia, Rehd. (Spira?a angustifolia, Turcz. Filipen- 

 dula angustifolia, Maxim.), .similar to F. lobata: fls. white: 

 lvs. glabrous or whitish tomentose beneath. Dahuria, Man- 

 churia.— F. vestita, Rehd. (Filipendula vestita, Maxim. Spi- 

 raaa vestita, Wall.). Similar to F. Camtschatica, but only 1 ft. 

 high and lvs. grayish tomentose beneath: fls. white. Hima- 

 layas. B.R. 27:4 (as S. Kamschatica, var. Himalensis). 



Alfred Rehder. 



OLMUS (ancient Latin name of the Elm). Urticdcea;, 

 tribe Ulmece. Elm. Ornamental deciduous, rarely half- 

 evergreen trees, sometimes shrubby, with alternate, 

 short-petioled, serrate lvs. and with inconspicuous, gen- 

 erally greenish brown flowers appearing mostly before 

 the leaves. Most of the cultivated species are hardy 

 north, but U. crassifolia and alata are tender ; U. 

 parvifolia and U. serotina are of doubtful hardiness, 

 although they have persisted near Boston. The Elms 

 are mostly tall and long-lived trees and very valu- 

 able for park planting and for avenue trees, espe- 

 cially U. Americana, which is the favorite tree for 

 street planting and as a shade tree for dwelling houses 

 in the northeastern states. It is the most characteristic 

 tree of this region and one of the most beautiful. Its 

 habit is at once majestic and graceful, and the wide- 

 spreading head, borne usually at a considerable height 

 on a straight and shapely trunk, affords ample shade 

 and shelter. Besides the American Elm several other 

 species are used as avenue trees, as Ulmus fulva, ra- 

 cemosa and the European U. campestris and scabra. 

 Of U. campestris, thevars. Clemmeri, Cornubiensis and 

 vegeta are among the best for street planting; of U. 

 scabra, the vars. Belgica, Donri ami Pitteursi. In the 

 southern states U. serotina, crassifolia and alata are 

 sometimes used as avenue trees. There are several 

 vars. of striking and peculiar habit, as U. scabra, var. 

 fastigiata and U. campestris, var. monumentalis, with 

 narrow columnar head; U. scabra, var. horizontalis, 

 with horizontal limbs forming widespreading tiers; U. 

 scabra, var. pendula, with long, pendulous branches. 

 U. campestris, var. umbracnlifera, with a dense, glo- 

 bose and rather small head, may be used as an avenue 

 tree for formal gardens. Several species and vars. are 

 interesting in winter on account of their branches being 



2610. Flowers of Ame 

 ican Elm — Ulmu 

 Americana (X %). 



2611. 



Fruit of Ulmus 



Americana. 



(X2.) 



furnished with broad corky wings. The foliage of most 

 species turns pale yellow in fall, but that of the Eu- 

 ropean species remains green much longer. 



Unfortunately many insects and fungi prey upon the 

 Elm, especially on the American Elm. One of the most 

 destructive is the elm leaf -beetle, which destroys the 

 foliage. The Canker-worm is also serious; to keep it 

 from doing damage, band the trunks a few feet above 



