WISCONeIN 



WISTARIA 



1987 



The peach and apricot are not fruitful in any part of 

 Wisconsin except after unusually mild winters. The 

 trees are frequently grown in gardens, and sometimes 

 attain considerable size, but they freeze back more or 

 less in the average winter. Trees of the apricot imported 

 from Russia have been frequently planted in Wisconsin, 

 by way of experiment, but are nowhere fruitful. Even 

 if the flower-buds escape destruc- 

 tion, the fruit almost invariably 

 falls soon after setting. 



The grape, with winter protec- 

 tion, is successfully grown through- 

 out southern and eastern Wiscon- 

 sin when planted on light soil, with 

 southern exposure. The later va- 

 rieties are, however, liable to be 

 caught by frost, unless the site is 

 chosen with special care. 



The small fruits are grown with 

 marked success, on favorable soils, 

 throughout Wisconsin. Winter pro- 

 tection is generally given to all but 

 the currant and gooseberry, but in 

 the southern and eastern counties 

 this precaution is not absolutely 

 necessary. The strawberry and 

 raspberry are grown in excess of 

 home demands, and many thousand 

 cases of these fruits are annually 

 shipped to other states. Black- 

 berries were largely destroyed by 

 the severe freeze of 1899. Huckle- 

 berries and blueberries are exten- 

 sively gathered from wild plants 

 in certain parts of west -central 

 Wisconsin, and are shipped in 

 large quantities to cities of the 

 northwest. Wisconsin is one of 

 the chief cranberry producing 

 states. In parts of Wood, Adams 

 and Juneau counties, and in less 

 degree in Waupaca and Green 

 counties, the cranberry plant was 

 native over very large areas, and 

 before the settlement of the coun- 

 try, the Indians gathered the fruit 

 extensively in bearing years. Lat- 

 terly, the wild marshes have been 

 largely improved by clearing ami 

 providing flooding facilities. In 

 some seasons the total output of 

 cranberries from Wisconsin has 

 aggregated nearly 100,000 barrels. 

 The varieties grown are mostly na 

 tive, and the quality and keeping 

 of the fruit are excellent. During 

 the years 1894 and 1895 the cran- 

 berry industry of Wisconsin suf- 

 fered a serious check by the de- 

 struction of many marshes by fire 

 during an exceptionally dry period. 

 But the business is rallying, and 

 may, in a few years, recover its 

 former magnitude. 



Market - gardening is carried on 

 in the neighborhood of cities and 



towns to a sufficient extent to supply local demands, 

 except in the extreme northern part of the state. 

 The ordinary garden crops of the temperate zone are 

 all successful. Melons are grown rather extensively 

 for shipment in a few localities. lYus are extensively 



Horticulture is taught at the agricultural college con- 

 nected with the University of Wisconsin, at Madison. 



Openings are good for commercial culture of apples, 

 cherries, native plums and cranberries in the parts of 

 Wisconsin best suited to these crops, and in the neigh- 

 borhood of northern cities the growing of vegetables for 

 market is at present remunerative. g S Goff 



The shaded i 



grown for seed, fo 

 and Door counti< 

 weevil. Lentils 

 and Manitowoc c 



et and for canning in Kewaunee 

 mi being free from the pea 

 rably grown in Kewaunee 

 eral vegetable canning fac- 

 tories are in operation in Wisconsin, peas, sweet corn 

 and tomatoes being chiefly consumed. Kitchen-garden- 

 ing is less practiced in Wisconsin than it should be. 

 The farmers generally employ little band labor, and the 

 hot summers render city gardening more or less unsatis- 

 factory. For the same reason the private growing of 

 flowers receives less attention than in the eastern 

 states. 



2743. Map of Wi 



[dude most of the region adapted to apple culture. Cherries do 

 fairly well in the apple districts. 



WISTARIA {Caspar Wistar, 1761-1818, professor of 

 anatomy in Univ. of Pa.). Lefiitmindscp. As a genus 

 Wistaria is a small and imperfectly understood group. 

 A complete study of the pods and seeds of this and allied 

 genera will eventually result in a great shaking up of 

 names. The present treatment is as conservative as 

 possible, out of deference to trade interests. The oldest 

 generic name is Kraunhia. For a more radical point 

 of view see B.M. 7522 and B.B. 2:294. Beside those 

 mentioned below, there are three species, but they are 

 all of doubtful botanical status. Lvs. odd-pinnate; lfts. 

 entire: racemes terminal : calyx with the 2 Upper teeth 

 short and subconnate: standard large; wings oblong- 

 falcate, free from the keel, often coherent at the apex; 

 keel incurved, obtuse. 



Wistaria < 'kinensis is on.- of the best and commonest 

 nf hardy climbers. It has pale green, pinnate foliage and 



