Hippuritinae. \S2 Birostrit< 



Birostrites, Lam. 1819. 



tnacqmloba, Lam. (RADIOLITES Hoeninghausii), A. S. Vert. 

 vol. vi, 236. 



CAPR1NA, C. d'Orb. 1823. 



adversa, d'Orb. Sr., An. d. Mus. vol. viii, pi. 3, f. 1-3. Fr., 



G. U. G. 



Aguilloni, d'Orb. Rev. Grit. 1839, p. 169. Fr., a. G. 



bipartite, d'Orb. Sr. (adversa), An. d. Mus. vol. viii, pi. 3, f. 

 4-5. 



Boissyi, d'Orb. (CAPRINULA), Rev. Cuv. 169. 



Coquandiana, d'Orb. 1839, Rev. Cuv. 169. Fr. G. 



costata, d'Orb. (CAPROTINA), id. 169. 



laminea, Gein., Reuss, Bohm. Kreid. 53, 45, 6. G. C. 



Lonsdalei, Sow. Sp. (CAPROTINA), Brown, Foss. Conch. G. B. 

 p. 176. 



Michelini, Math. (CAPROTINA varians), Cat. 113, 4, 6-7. 



Partechu, Hauer. (Aguilloni), 1847, Nat. Abh. p. 109. 



quadripartita, d'Orb. (CAPROTINA), Rev. Cuv. 169. 



Russiensis, d'Orb. (CAPROTINA), Geol. Russ. 496, 43, 31-33. 



semistriata, d'Orb. (CAPROTINA), Rev. Cuv. 169. 



stria -.to, d'Orb. (CAPROTINA), id. 169. 



trilobata, d'Orb. (CAPROTINA), id. 169. 



erassifibra, Roem. Kreid. Tex. 79, 5, 6. Tex. C. 



"3. No Brachiopod has a subnacreous shell with water chambers. 



" 4. The upper valve has a different structure from the lower. 



" 5. Each valve is unsymmetrical. 



"6. The valves are right and left, not dorsal and ventral. 



"7. They are articulated by teeth and sockets, which is not the case with 

 Crania; and the teeth are developed from the free valve. In all fixed Brachio- 

 pods, the teeth are on the fixed valve. 



"8. The Hippiiritidae had a large internal ligament (like Spondyhis) for open 

 ing the valves. 



"9. The muscular impressions are two only. 



"10. The so-called vascular impressions are on the rim of the shell, not on the 

 disc, as in Crania. &c. 



"11. The Hippuritidae have a distinct pallial line/' 



The above reasons*are certainly conclusive, as far as regards their separation 

 from the Brachiopoda, but I cannot understand how they fix any reasonably close 

 family relations with either of the families to which Mr. Woodward refers them. 



