APPENDIX. 



BY BRECKENKIDGE CLEMENS. 



SPHINGINA (IN PART). 

 FAM. ZYGAENIDAE. 



The present family, together with Qlaucopididae, JEgeriidae 

 and Sphingidae, form the great group known as Sphingina. 

 Lithosides forms another group of families, and should precede 

 the family Arctiidae. 



I arn convinced that the limit of the family under consi- 

 deration is much more restricted than is usually represented. 

 It is made to include a variety of incongruent forms, which 

 it is extremely difficult to unite under a common and satis- 

 factory definition. And hence it may be, that the diagnoses 

 to which I have had access are indefinite, and that the cha- 

 racters drawn from the most important parts of structure are 

 modified by numerous exceptions. The family is therefore 

 restricted here to two genera, one of which displays some of 

 the characters of the succeeding family group. 



In the fore wings the subcostal vein at its posterior end 

 is curved downward so as to form, in connection with the 

 median vein, a fusiform disk, and gives rise to five nervules, 

 two of which run to the costa, one to the tip, and two to the hind 

 margin beneath the tip. In Zygaena, the subcostal vein is not 

 attenuated at the posterior end giving rise to the two lower 

 nervules, but in Procrisf (Clem.) it is attenuated from the 

 third subcostal branch. The discal vein is short, angulated 

 and rather attenuated, and receives the discal fold at its 

 angle. The median vein is 4-branched and curves upward 

 from the origin of the posterior branch. The fold of the 

 wing is thickened and the submedian is simple. 



In the hind wings the subcostal branch is bifid, the lower 

 branch being angulated at its base, and from the angle arises 

 an angulated, more or less oblique discal vein which receives 

 the discal fold. The median vein is 4-branched and curves 

 upward from the posterior branch. Procris ? (Clem.) is with- 



