48 MAMMALIA. 



GENUS I. ECHIDNA, Cuv. 



Muzzle very slender and elongated, terminated by a small 

 mouth; tongue very extensible; body covered with very 

 strong spines, sometimes intermingled with hair ; feet short ; 

 nails strong, fit for digging ; tail very short. 



GENUS II. ORNITHORHYNCHUS, Blumenb. 



Muzzle elongated, horny, wide, much depressed, in the 

 form of a duck's bill, and garnished with small transverse 

 laminae. Mouth provided above and below with only two 

 teeth without roots, and with flat crowns. Fore feet with a 

 membrane between the toes ; the hind ones have it only as 

 far as the root of the nails. [Marshes of New Holland.] 



ORDER VII. PACHYDERMATA.* 



Feet with five, three, two or one toe unguiculated ; that 

 is to say, where one or more phalanges are entirely enve- 

 loped in a large nail called hoof, which renders prehension 

 impossible; frequently three sorts of teeth, sometimes only 

 two; no clavicles; stomach simple or divided into several 

 pouches, but unfit for rumination ; skin most frequently thick, 

 naked or nearly so. Three families. 



FAMILY I. PROBOSCIDIANA. 



Five toes to each foot, incrusted with a callous skin which 

 surrounds the foot, scarcely perceived except by the nails 

 that appear to be attached to the edge of this skin or species 

 of hoof; four to eight molars ; no canine ; incisives, project- 

 ing sufficiently to be called tusks, frequently attaining to a 

 large size ; trunk or proboscis very long ; with it he conveys 

 his food and water to his mouth ; mammae, two in number, 

 attached to the chest ; the young suck with the mouth, not 

 using the trunk for that purpose. There are two genera, of 

 which one (Mastodon, Cuv.) is fossil. 



* Thick skinned. 



