THE LEAVES. 17 



be considered the general form, the terminations, the margins, the 

 surface, the substance, and the duration. 



With respect to form, Simple Leaves are 



Orbicular, when the length and breadth are equal. 



Roundish, when the length and breadth are nearly equal. 



Egg-shaped or Ovate (Fig. 36.), longer than broad, the base 

 broader than the end. 



Inversely egg-shaped, or obovate, longer than broad, the end 

 broader than the base. 



Oval or Elliptical (Fig. 37.), the length greater than the 

 breadth, but both ends alike rounded. 



Oblong, the length three or four times greater than the breadth. 



Spathulate (Fig. 38.), circular at the end, and tapering towards 

 the base. 



Wedge-shaped (Fig. 39.), broad at the end, and tapering to- 

 wards the base. 



Rhombic or Diamond-shaped, approaching to a square. 



Lance-shaped, Spear-shaped, or Lanceolate (Fig. 40.), oblong 

 and narrow, tapering towards each end. 



Linear (Fig. 41.), very narrow, with the edges parallel. 



Needle-shaped, linear and evergreen. 



Triangular (Fig. 42.), flat with three angles. 



Quadrangular, with four angles. 



2uinquangular, with five angles. 



Kidney-shaped (Fig. 43.), roundish, with the base hollowed out. 



Heart-shaped (Fig. 44.), egg-shaped, with the base hollowed out. 



Arrow-shaped (Fig. 45.), triangular, hollowed out at the base. 



Halbert-shaped (Fig. 46.), triangular, hollowed out at the base 

 and sides, with a projecting part on each side. 



Pinnatifid (Fig. 47.), cut transversely into several oblong seg- 

 ments. 



Lyre-shaped (Fig. 48.), cut transversely into several oblong 

 segments, with a terminal segment rounded and larger than the 

 others. 



Runcinate (Fig. 49.), a leaf having numerous segments, which 

 are pointed and directed backwards. 



Pectinate or comb-like (Fig. 50.), with the segments very 

 narrow. 



deft (Fig. 51.), when the margins of the segments are straight. 



