18 INTRODUCTION. 



Lobed (Fig. 52.),'when the margins of the segments are rounded. 

 Palmate (Fig. 53.), when there are several oblong segments, 

 extending to the middle of the leaf, leaving an entire space. 

 Undivided, when there are no segments, as in Fig. 36, 37. 



With respect to the terminations. Simple Leaves are 



Blunt or obtuse (Fig. 36.), when rounded at the end. 



Abrupt (Fig. 54.), when the extremity seems as if cut off by 

 a transverse line. 



Refuse (Fig. 55.), ending in a broad shallow notch. 



Notched (Fig. 56.), ending with a small notch. 



Acute or Pointed (Fig. 57.), ending in a point. 



Acuminate or Taper-pointed (Fig. 58.), having a long taper- 

 ing point. 



Bristle-pointed (Fig. 59.), when terminated by a bristly point. 



With respect to their margins, they are 



Entire (Fig. 36, 43.), when destitute of teeth or notches of any 

 kind on the edges. 



Toothed (Fig. 60.), having small, generally blunt protuberances 

 on the margin, which are named teeth. 



Serrated (Fig. 61.), when the teeth are sharp, close, and point 

 in one direction, like those of a saw. 



Finely serrated, when the teeth are minute. 



Crenate or Notched (Fig. 62.), when the teeth are broad and 

 not directed towards either end. 



Gnawed or Jagged (Fig. 63.), irregularly notched or cut. 



Undulated or Waved (Fig. 55.), presenting a waved margin. 



Fringed (Fig. 64.), bordered with soft hairs. 



Prickly or Spinous at the margin. (Fig. 65.) 



Revolute or rolled back at the margin. (Fig. 66, a.) 



Involute or rolled inwards at the margin. (Fig. 66, b.) 



With respect to surface, leaves present numerous varieties, the 

 principal of which have already been pointed out in speaking of 

 the surface. Thus they-may be smooth, hairy, downy, &c. 



Leaves, however, may also be 



Veined (Fig. 67.), when the vessels are more or less prominent, 

 and are subdivided so as to form a net-work. 

 Ribbed (Fig. 68.), when the vessels extend in undivided lines. 



