THE Fl/OWERS AND FRUIT. 27 



The Polypetalous Corolla consists of two or more distinct 

 pieces or petals. In each petal there are distinguished two parts : 

 the claw (Fig. 125, a.), which is the narrow portion ; and the 

 border or lamina (Fig. 125, 6.), the expanded parts. The fol- 

 lowing are the principal kinds : 



Cruciform or Cross-like (Fig. 126.), when four petals, having 

 long claws, stand opposite to each other in pairs. 



Rosaceous (Fig. 127.), roundish petals, destitute of claws, spread 

 out in the form of a rose. 



Papilionaceous or Butterfly-like (Fig. 128.), when four petals, 

 differing in form, stand together. These different petals have 

 particular names. The uppermost, which is commonly the largest, 

 is named the standard. (Fig. 129.) The two side petals, standing 

 opposite to each other, are the wings. (Fig. 130.) The undermost 

 petal, is the keel. (Fig. 131.) 



The Corolla is called regular, when its general form is uni- 

 form, as in Fig. 127, 126, 117; irregular, when this is not the 

 case, as in Fig. 123, 124. An equal corolla is regular, and has its 

 divisions all of one size, as in Fig. 117, 120. 



III. Of the Nectary. 



The Nectary is that part of the flower which contains or 

 secretes honey. In monopetalous flowers, this part is the tube 

 of the corolla. Sometimes it is a production of the corolla, and 

 sometimes of the calyx. In other cases it is a part distinct from 

 either. The following kinds may be mentioned. 



The Spur (Fig. 132.), is a horn-shaped production of the corolla. 



Scales, on the petals. 



Pores, or small holes, which occur on various parts of the flower. 



Glands, or soft roundish bodies. 



IV. Of the Stamens. 



The Stamens are essential parts of the flower, consisting each 

 of a bag filled with a kind of powder, generally supported upon 

 a stalk. There are thus distinguished three parts in the stamen : 

 the filament, the anther, and the pollen. 



1. The Filament (Fig. 133, a.) is a longish body destined for 

 the support of the anther. It varies greatly in form, being 



Hair -like, of equal thickness throughout, and as fine as a hair. 



Thread-like, thicker than a hair. 



Awl-shaped, thicker below than above. 



Dilated, compressed and expanded on the sic'es. 

 c 2 



