THE FLOWERS AND FRUIT. 31 



Sessile, without a stalk. (Fig. 149.) 

 Stipitate or Stalked. (Fig. 150.) 

 Chaffy, when formed of small scales. 



The Tail (Fig. 152.) is an elongated appendage formed of the 

 permanent style. 

 The Wing (Fig. 153.) is a dilated membranous appendage. 



In concluding the subject of the flowers and fruit, it is ne- 

 cessary to mention a few additional circumstances respecting 

 them. 



A complete flower is one furnished with both calyx and corolla. 



An incomplete flower is when the corolla is wanting. 



A naked flower is one destitute of a calyx. 



A perfect flower is one having both stamens and pistils. 



A staminiferous or barren flower is one having stamens, but 

 destitute of pistils. 



A pistilliferous or fertile flower is one having pistils, but no 

 stamens. 



A neutral flower is one destitute of both stamens and pistils. 



Plants are called monoecious, when staminiferous flowers and 

 pistilliferous flowers exist on the same plant. 



Dioecious plants are those in which pistilliferous flowers grow 

 on one plant, and staminiferous flowers grow on another plant of 

 the same species. 



A simple flower is when a single flower is contained in a calyx. 



A compound flower is when a number of flowers, with united 

 anthers, grow together within a common calyx or rather invo- 

 lucre. 



An aggregate flower, is when a number of flowers, generally 

 stalked, and with separated anthers, are inclosed within a com- 

 mon calyx. 



VIII. Of tfo Receptacle. 



The Receptacle is the point at which all the parts of a flower 

 meet. 



In the compound flowers this part is broad, and requires parti- 

 cular consideration. It is in them 



Flat, when perfectly even. (Fig. 154.) 



Convex or Concave. 



Conical, when it rises in the centre. (Fig. 155.) 



Smooth, destitute of hairs; Hairy, covered with hairs; or 

 Chaffy, covered with membranous scales. 



