46 MONANDRIA AIONOGYNIA. [CL. I. 



coasts of the Mediterranean for making Barilla. Eng. Bot. vol. vi. pi. 

 415. Eng. Fl. vol. i. p. 2. A variety with procumbent stems has been 

 described as a distinct species, under the name of S. procumbent. Eng. 

 Bat. vol. xxxv. pi. 2475. Eng. Fl. vol. i. p. 2. 1. 



2. S. rddicans. Creeping Jointed Glasswort or Saltwort. Stem woody, 

 procumbent and rooting at the base, erect above ; joints compressed, 

 notched, their intervals somewhat cylindrical ; spikes oblong ; stamens 



two. About a foot long : upper part of the stem herbaceous and erect 



with opposite branches : spikes obtuse : stigma deeply divided into two 

 or three segments. Perennial : flowers in August and September : grows 

 on muddy sea-shores : not frequent. Eng. Bot. vol. xxiv. pi. 1691. Eng. 

 Fl. vol. i. p. 3. 2. 



2. HIPPU'RIS. MARE'S-TAIL. 



Calyx a mere border, crowning the germen. Corolla none. 

 Filament superior, longer than the calyx. Anther two-lobed, com- 

 pressed. Style awl-shaped. Stigma simple, acute. Seed oval, 

 naked. Name from hippos, a horse, and oura, a tail. 2. 



1. H.vulgdris. Mare's-tail. Leaves linear, in whorls. From one 



to two feet high : root creeping : stem erect, simple, jointed : leaves 

 linear, smooth, acute, arranged in numerous whorls, each consisting of 

 about twelve : flowers axillar, solitary, sessile : germen egg-shaped : 

 anther very large, red. Perennial : flowers in May and June : grows 

 in pools and marshes : common. Eng. Bot. vol. xi. pi. 763. Eng. Fl. 

 vol. i. p. 4. 3. 



3. ZOSTE'RA. SEA-CRASS. 



Calyx none, excepting the base of the leaf, inclosing the spike- 

 stalk, and splitting lengthwise. Corolla none. Spadix linear, 

 bearing numerous flowers. Anther oblong, one-celled, attached 

 laterally. Germen egg-shaped, sessile. Style simple, curved out- 

 wards. Stigmas two, thread-shaped, curved. Drupe cylindrical. 

 Nut elliptical, striated. Kernel of the same form. Name from 

 zoster, a belt. Removed by some botanists to the class 

 Monoecia. 3. 



1. Z. marina. Grass Wrack or Sea-grass. Leaves entire, obscurely 



three-ribbed, linear ; stem slightly compressed. Leaves very long, 



grass-green, obtuse : spadix pale green. Perennial : flowers in August : 

 grows on sandy shallows and banks in the sea, and is thrown up abun- 

 dantly after storms. When dried after being steeped in fresh water, the 

 leaves form excellent bedding ; they are also used for packing. The 

 lower part of the stem, which is 'of a reddish brown colour, contains 

 much saccharine matter, and is chewed by the Hebridians, like the 

 root of Orobus tuberosut. Eng. Bot. vol. vii. pi. 467. Eng. Fl. vol. i. 

 p. 5. 4. 



4. CHA'RA. STONEWORT. 



Calyx none. Corolla none. Anther sessile, globose, one-celled. 

 Germen egg-shaped, spirally grooved. Style none; stigma in five 

 divisions. Berry egg-shaped, containing numerous minute spheri- 

 cal seeds. This genus is by most botanists referred to the class 

 Cryptogamia. Name of unknown origin. 4. 



