CL. V.] PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. 139 



lernally coloured. Corolla none. Filaments generally five, awl- 

 shaped, twice as long as the calyx. Anthers erect, short, with 

 four furrows. Germen oblong, compressed, cleft. Styles two, 

 terminal, spreading, shorter than the stamens. Stigmas downy. 

 Capsule membranous, round or oblong, notched at the end, one- 

 celled. Seed solitary, roundish, slightly compressed. Named from 

 ulm. 131. 



1. U. campestris. Common small-leaved Elm. Leaves between egg- 

 shaped and diamond-shaped, doubly serrate, rough ; flowers nearly sessile, 



four-cleft, with four stamens ; capsule oblong, deeply cleft. A large 



tree, with rugged bark, and spreading branches : flowers in numerous, 

 round, purplish tufts, each with a fringed bractea at the base. Flowers 

 in March and April : grows in woods, in the south of England : common. 

 The wood is hard and rough, and is used for axle-trees, mill-wheels, 

 chairs, coffins, &c. Eng. But. vol. xxvii. pi. 1886. Eng. Fl. vol.ii. p. 20. 



399. 



2. U. moiitdna. Broad-leaved or Wych Elm. Leaves doubly serrate, 

 pointed, rough ; flowers stalked, tufted, five or six-cleft, with five or six 



stamens; capsule round, slightly cleft. A large spreading tree, with 



large, broadly elliptical leaves. Flowers in March and April : grows in 

 woods, in England and Scotland : common. Eng. Bot. vol. xxvii. pi. 1887. 

 Eng. FL vol. ii. p. 22. 400. 



3. U. gltibra. Smooth-leaved Elm. Leaves doubly serrate, smooth, 

 oblong; flowers nearly sessile, five-cleft; capsule inversely egg-shaped, 



deeply cleft. A large tree, with smooth branches and leaves. Flowers 



in March : grows in woods, in England. Eng. Bot. vol. xxxii. pi. 2248. 

 Eng. Fl. vol. ii. p. 23. 401 . 



4. U. stricta. Cornish Elm. Leaves inversely egg-shaped, wedge- 

 shaped at the base, with an elongated point, doubly crenate-serrate, 



leathery, smooth and shining above. A large tree, with bright-brown, 



smooth, rigid, erect branches : grows in Cornwall and North Devon. 

 Lindley, Synopsis, p. 227. Brit. Fl. 4th edition, p. 127. 402. 



As the species of this difficult genus are far from being satisfactorily 

 determined, it has been judged expedient to omit three or four alleged 

 species, as they are probably mere varieties of U. campestris and montana, 

 to which they are referred by some botanists. 



47. CU'SCUTA. DODDER. 



Calyx inferior, of one leaf, cup-shaped, deeply divided into 

 five, sometimes four, broad, permanent segments, its base fleshy. 

 Corolla of one petal, with an elliptical tube, the limb divided into 

 five, sometimes four, deep, spreading, equal segments. Filaments 

 five or four, awl-shaped, erect, shorter than the corolla, sometimes 

 with a scale at the base ; anthers roundish, two-lobed. Germen 

 roundish. Styles two, sometimes one or three, shorter than the 

 corolla, spreading ; stigma simple or knobbed. Capsule membra- 

 nous, elliptical, two-celled. Seeds two in each cell, large, inversely 

 egg-shaped, erect. Name supposed from the Arabic Keshout. 



132. 



1. C. Europe' a. Greater Dodder. Heads of many flowers; stamens 



