158 PENTANDRIA TRIGYNIA. [CL .V . 



1. V. Latitdna. Way-faring Tree. Mealy Guelder-rose. Leaves 

 heart-shaped, serrate, veined, downy beneath. A small tree, with op- 

 posite, pliant, mealy branches : cymes broad, of numerous white flowers : 

 berries black. The bark of the root is used for making bird-lime. Flowers 

 in May : grows in woods and hedges : not common. Eng. Bot. vol. v. 

 pi. 331. Eng. Fl. vol. ii. p. 107. 473. 



2. V. Opulus. Common Guelder-rose. Water Elder. Leaves lobed, 



their stalks beset with glands. A small tree, with three lobed, serrate, 



veined leaves : cymes large, white : several of the marginal flowers are 

 dilated, without stamens or pistils. In the cultivated state nearly the 

 whole cyme consists of such flowers : berries bright-red. Flowers in 

 June: grows in woods and wet hedges : frequent. Eng. Bot. vol. v. 

 pi. 332. Eng. Fl. vol. ii. p. 107. 474. 



85. SAMBU'CUS. ELDER. 



Calyx superior, of one leaf, small, deeply divided into five seg- 

 ments, permanent. Corolla of one petal, nearly wheel-shaped, but 

 concave, with five obtuse segments. Filaments awl-shaped, as 

 long as the corolla; anthers roundish. Germen egg-shaped; 

 obtuse. Style none ; stigmas three, obtuse. Berry globular, one- 

 celled. Seeds three, convex externally, angular on the inner side. 

 Named from sambuce, a musical instrument, perhaps made from 

 the wood of this plant. 170. 



1. S. E'bulus. Dwarf Elder. Cymes with three principal branches ; 



stipules leaf-like ; stern herbaceous. Stems simple, erect, about three 



feet high : leaves pinnate, with lance-shaped, acute, serrate, smooth 

 leaflets : cymes large, with purplish flowers : berries globular, black. 

 The berry is purgative and emetic. Perennial: flowers in June: grows 

 in woods and hedges : frequent. Eng. Bot. vol. vii. pi. 475. Eng. Fl. 

 vol. ii. p. 108. 475. 



2. S. nigra. Common Elder. Cymes with five principal branches ; 



stipules obsolete ; leaflets egg-shaped ; stem woody. A small tree, 



with smooth branches, filled with light spongy pith : cymes large, of 

 numerous cream-coloured flowers : berries globular, purplish-black. 

 The inner green bark is purgative and diuretic, as are the leaves. The 

 berries made into rob are gently laxative : they are also used for making 

 a kind of wine, as well as for adulterating Port. Flowers in July : 

 grows in woods and hedges : common. Eng. Bot. vol. vii. pi. 476. 

 Eng . Fl. vol. ii. p. 109. 476. 



86. STAPHYLE'A. BLADDER-NUT. 



Calyx inferior, of one leaf, concave, deeply divided into five 

 coloured segments, as large as the corolla. Petals five, oblong, 

 erect, similar to the calyx. Nectary cup-shaped, central. Fila- 

 ments thread-shaped, erect, as long as the petals; anthers roundish. 

 Germen rather thick, with two or three deep divisions. Styles 

 two or three, erect, a little longer than the stamens; stigmas 

 obtuse, close together. Capsules two or three, inflated, united 

 lengthwise. Seeds two in each capsule, globular, with a circular 

 pit at the side, and an oblique, lateral point. Named from sta- 

 phyle, a bunch of grapes. 171. 



