CL. XII.] ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA. 225 



procumbent at the base : leaves ternate : leaflets oblong, deeply serrate, 

 acute : calyx ribbed, hairy : petals bright-yellow. The root of this plant 

 is used very extensively in the Hebrides for tanning. From its astringent 

 quality, it is also employed as a gargle in enlarged tonsils and other dis- 

 eases of the throat. Perennial: flowers in June and July: grows in 

 pastures, heaths and woods : common. Eng. Eot. vol. xii. pi. 863. Eng. 

 FL vol. ii. p. 428. 786. 



2. T. rtptans. Trailing Tormentil. Stem prostrate, scarcely 



branched ; leaves stalked. Root woody : stems about two feet long : 



leaves ternate or quinate : leaflets inversely egg-shaped, hairy, deeply 

 serrate : calyx ribbed, hairy : petals bright-yellow, larger than in the last 

 species, of which some have taken this as a variety. Both species have 

 occasionally five petals, and ten segments to the calyx. Perennial : 

 flowers in June and July: grows in woods and barren pastures: common. 

 Eng. Bot. vol. xii. pi. 864. Eng. FL. vol. ii. p. 428. 787. 



10. GE'UM. AVENS. 



Calyx inferior, of one leaf, the limb deeply divided into ten 

 acute segments, of which five alternate ones are much smaller. 

 Petals five, rounded, undivided or cleft, as long as the calyx. 

 Filaments awl-shaped, shorter than the corolla; anthers short, 

 roundish, two-celled. Germens superior, egg-shaped, compressed, 

 numerous, collected into a round head. Styles long, lateral, with 

 a joint above the middle, one to each germen; stigma simple. 

 Seeds egg-shaped, compressed, hairy. Receptacle cylindrical, dry, 

 hairy. Named from geuo, to smell agreeably. 255. 



1. G. urbdnum. Common Avens. Herb Bennet. Leaves ternate, 



root-leaves somewhat lyrate; flowers erect; styles naked. Root of 



large fibres : stems erect, two feet high, round, branched at the upper 

 part : root-leaves on long stalks, interruptedly pinnate, with a large 

 rounded terminal leaflet : stem-leaves ternate, stalked : uppermost leaves 

 simple, three-lobed : flowers terminal, solitary, stalked, with yellow petals : 

 styles curved. A variety occurs, intermediate between this and the next 

 species. The roots gathered in the spring, and put into ale, give it a 

 pleasant flavour. Perennial: flowers from Way to September : grows in 

 woods, hedges, and waste places : common. Eng. Bot. vol. xx. pi. 1400. 

 Eng. Fl. vol. ii. p. 430. 788. 



2. G. rivdle. Water Avens. Root-leaves interruptedly pinnate, some- 

 what lyrate ; flowers drooping ; styles hairy. Root somewhat woody, 



creeping: stem nearly a foot high, slightly panicled : root-leaves stalked, 

 the terminal lobe very large, rounded, lobed and crenate : stem-leaves 

 ternate or three-lobed : flowers drooping : calyx purplish-brown : petals 

 erect, cleft, yellowish-brown. The root is astringent and aromatic. 

 Perennial: flowers in June and July: grows in moist meadows and 

 woods, and by ditches and streams. Eng. Bot. vol. ii. pi. 106. Eng. 

 Fl. vol. ii. p. 431. A variety intermediate between this and the preceding 

 is not uncommon. 789. 



11. DRY'AS. MOUNTAIN AVENS. 



Calyx inferior, of one leaf, flat, permanent, the limb deeply 

 divided into eight or ten permanent segments. Petals eight, 



