304 SYNGENESIA. [CL. XIX. 



3. SO'NCHUS. Receptacle naked, dotted. Seed-down simple, sessile. 



Calyx imbricated, simple, swelled at the base. 



11. LAPSA'NA. Receptacle naked. Seed-down none. Calyi having 

 scales at the base. 



** Corollas all tubular, generally spreading so as to farm 

 a hemispherical head. 



18. CARLI'NA. Receptacle chaffy. Seed-down feathery. Calyx 



swelling ; the outer scales thorny ; the inner coloured, polished, 

 membranous. 



13. A'RCTIUJM. Receptacle chaffy. Seed-down simple. Calyx glo- 



bose, imbricated ; the scales thorny, hooked, inflected. 



15. CA'RDUUS. Receptacle hairy. Seed-down simple, roughish, de- 



ciduous. Calyx swelled, imbricated ; the scales thorny. 



16. CNI'CUS. Receptacle hairy. Seed-down feathery, deciduous. Calyx 



swelled, imbricated ; the scales thorny. 



17. ONOPO'RDUM. Receptacle cellular, somewhat chaffy. Seed- 



down rough, deciduous. Calyx swelled ; scales thorny, spreading. 



14. SERRA'TULA. Receptacle chaffy. Seed-dawn stiff, persistent. 



Calyx nearly cylindrical, imbricated ; the scales thornless. 

 (Centaurea Jacea.) 



*** Corollas all tubular, parallel, crowded, forming nearly 

 a level surface at the top. 



19. BI'DENS. Receptacle chaffy. Seed-down rough with reversed 



prickles. Calyx of many parallel, channelled scales. Corolla 

 sometimes radiated. 



22. DIO'TIS. Receptacle chaffy, with hair-tipped scales. Seed-down 



none. Calyx imbricated, hemispherical. Corollas with two ears 

 bordering the seed. 



20. EUPATO'RIUM. Receptacle naked. Seed-down rough. Calyx 



imbricated, oblong. Style cleft half-way down, protruded. 



21. CHRYSO'COMA. Receptacle naked. Seed-doicn rough. Calyx 



scarcely longer than the corolla. 

 (Tenacetum. Senecio vulgaris. Aster Tripolium. Anthemis nobilis.) 



Order II. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. 



Florets all fertile, those of the disk furnished tilth fire stamens 

 and one pistil, those of the circumference with a pistil alone. 



* Corollas of the marginal florets obsolete or inconspicuous. 



23. TENACETUM. Receptacle naked. Seed with a membranous 



crown. Calyx imbricated, hemispherical. Marginal florets three- 

 cleft, obsolete, sometimes wanting. 



26. CONY'ZA. Receptacle naked. Seed-down rough. Calyx imbri- 

 cated, roundish. Marginal florets three-cleft. 



25. GNAPHA'LIUM. Receptacle naked. Seed-dawn rough or fea- 

 thery. Calyx imbricated, with membranous, coloured scales. 

 Marginal Jlorets awl-shaped. 



24. ARTEMl'SIA. Receptacle naked or hairy. Seed-down none. 



Calyx imbricated, with rounded converging scales. Marginal 

 fioreti awl-shaped, entire. 



(Tussilago Farfara and hybrida.) 



