CL. XX.] GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. 335 



GYNANDRIA. MONANDRIA. 



1. O'RCHIS. ORCHIS. 



Calyx superior, of three egg-shaped, partly coloured leaves. 

 Petals two, oblong, smaller than the calyx, ascending. Nectary 

 a roundish or oblong lip, generally lobed, larger than the petals, 

 hanging down anteriorly between the lower leaves of the calyx, 

 and extended behind in the form of a tubular spur. Anther of 

 two oblong cells, each containing an inversely egg-shaped elastic 

 mass of pollen, and opening lengthwise in front. Germen oblong 

 or nearly cylindrical, furrowed, spirally twisted. Style thick and 

 short ; stigma a shining moist depression, in front, under or be- 

 tween the masses of pollen. Capsule oblong, spiral. Seeds nume- 

 rous, oval. Name of ancient use. 408. 



* Tubers or knobs of the root undivided. 



1. O. bifolia. Butterfly Orchis. Lip of the nectary lance-shaped, 

 entire, about half the length of the very long, thread-shaped spur ; lateral 



leaves of the calyx spreading downwards. Tubers tapering : stem 



angular, about a foot high : flowers numerous, white. Perennial : 

 flowers in June : grows in woods and open heaths : frequent. Eng. Bot. 

 vol. i. pi. 22. Eng. Ft. vol. iv. p. 9. 1230. 



2. O. pyramiddlis. Pyramidal Orchis. Lip of the nectary in three 



equal lobes, with two protuberances above ; spur long and slender. 



Tubers long : stem upwards of a foot high : leaves lance-shaped, chan- 

 nelled, acute: spike dense, pyramidal, rich crimson : the flowers fragrant. 

 Perennial: flowers in Julv : grows in meadows and pastures: rare. 

 EHg.Bof.vol.ii.pl.110. "Eng. Ft. vol. iv. p. 10. 1231. 



3. 0. Mtirio. Green-winged Meadow Orchis. Lip of the nectary four- 

 cleft, somewhat crenate; spur blunt, ascending; leaves of the calyx 



many-ribbed, converging. Tubers nearly round: stem a foot high: 



leaves spear-shaped : spike rather loose : flowers purple, the disk of the 

 lip white and spotted : the leaves of the calyx ribbed with green. Peren- 

 nial : flowers in May and June : grows in meadows and pastures in Ens- 

 land. Eng. Bot. vol. xxix. pi. 2059. Eng. Fl. vol. iv. p. 11. 1232. 



4. 0. mdscula. Early Purple or Meadow Orchis. Lip of the nectary 

 four-lobed, crenate ; leaves of the calyx three-ribbed, the two lateral 



ones reflected upwards. Tubers elliptical: stem about afoot high: 



leaves chiefly radical, elliptical or lance-shaped, usually spotted with 

 black : spike rather loose : flowers rich purple : the disk of the lip white 

 and spotted, the ribs of the calyx purple. Perennial : flowers in April 

 and May : grows in meadows and pastures : frequent. Eng. Bot. vol. ix. 

 pi. 631 . Eng. Fl. vol. iv. p. 12. 1233. 



5. 0. wstM/ata. Dwarf Orchis. Lip of the nectary four-lobed, rough, 

 with small points; spur blunt, not half the length of the germen; calyx 



converging ; leaves lance-shaped. Tubers oval : three or four inches 



high : leaves without spots : spike oblong, dense : lip of the nectary white 

 at the base with dark-purple spots : leaves of the calyx dark-purple. 

 Perennial : flowers in June : grows in dry pastures in England : not 

 common. Eng. Bot. vol.i. pi. 18. Eng. Fl. vol. iv. p. 12. 1234. 



