170 



I'RjEVERTEBRAL MUSCLES. 



Fiff. 75.* 



Seventh Group. Prcevertebral Muscles. 



Rectus anticus major, 

 Rectus anticus minor, 

 Scalenus anticus, 

 Scalenus posticus, 

 Longus colli. 



Dissection. These muscles have already been exposed, by the 

 removal of the face from the anterior aspect of the vertebral 

 column ; all that is further needed is the removal of the fascia by 

 which they are invested. 



The rectus anticus major, broad and thick above, and narrow 

 and pointed below, arises from the anterior tubercles of the trans- 

 verse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical verte- 

 bras, and is inserted into the basilar process of the occipital bone. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the pharynx, the internal 

 carotid artery, internal jugular vein, superior cervical ganglion, 

 sympathetic nerve, pneumogastric, and spinal accessory nerve. By 

 its posterior surface with the longus colli, rectus anticus minor, and 

 superior cervical vertebra). 



The rectus artticus minor arises from the anterior border of the 



lateral mass of the atlas, and is in- 

 serted into the basilar process; its 

 fibres being directed obliquely up- 

 wards and inwards. 



Relations. By its anterior surface 

 with the rectus anticus major, and 

 externally with the superior cervical 

 ganglion of the sympathetic. By its 

 posterior surface with the articulation 

 of the condyle of the occipital bone 

 with the atlas, and with the anterior 

 occipito-atloid ligament. 



The scalenus anticus^ is a trian- 

 gular muscle, as its name implies, 

 situated at the root of the neck and 

 appearing like a continuation of 

 the rectus anticus major; it arises 

 from the anterior tubercles of the 

 < transverse processes of the third, 

 fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical verte- 

 brae, and is inserted into the tubercle 

 upon the inner border of the first rib. 



* The prsBvertebral group of muscles of the neck. 1. The rectus anticus major 

 muscle. 2. The scalenus anticus. 3. The lower part of the longus colli of the right 

 side ; it is concealed superiorly by the reetus anticus major. 4. The rectus anticus 

 minor. 5. The upper portion of the longus colli muscle. 6. Its lower portion; the 

 figure rests upon the seventh cervicul' vertebra. 7. The scalenus posticus. 8. The 

 rectus lateralis of the left side. 9. One of the intertransversales muscles. 



t Homer describes three scaleni, viz. : anticus, medius, and posticus ; the anticus 





