I 



274 POSTERIOR AURICULAR TEMPORAL. 



in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. It then ascends 

 between the splenius and complexus muscles, and divides into two 

 branches which are distributed upon the occiput, anastomosing with 

 the opposite occipital, the posterior auricular, and temporal artery. 

 The lingual nerve curves around this artery near to its origin from 

 the external carotid. 



Branches. It gives off only two branches deserving of name, 

 the inferior meningeal and princeps cervicis. 



The Inferior meningeal ascends by the side of the internal jugular 

 vein, and passes through the foramen lacerum posterius, to be dis- 

 tributed to the dura mater. 



The Arteria princeps cervicis is a large and irregular branch. It 

 descends the neck between the complexus and semi-spinalis colli, 

 and inosculates with the profunda cervicis of the subclavian. This 

 branch is the means of establishing a very important collateral cir- 

 culation between the branches of the carotid and subclavian, in liga- 

 ture of the common carotid artery. 



6. The POSTERIOR AURICULAR ARTERY arises from the external 

 carotid, above the digastric and stylo-hyoid muscles, and ascends 

 beneath the lower border of the parotid gland, and behind the concha, 

 to be distributed by two branches to the external ear and side of the 

 head, anastomosing with the occipital and temporal arteries ; some 

 of its branches pass through fissures in the nbro-cartilage, to be dis- 

 tributed to the anterior surface of the pinna. The anterior auricular 

 arteries are branches of the temporal. 



Branches. The posterior auricular gives off but one named 

 branch, the stylo-mastoid, which enters the stylo-mastoid foramen to 

 be distributed to the aquseductus Fallopii and tympanum. 



7. The PAROTIDEAN ARTERIES are four or five large branches 

 which are given off from the external carotid whilst that vessel is 

 situated in the parotid gland. They are distributed to the structure 

 of the gland, their terminal branches reaching the integument and 

 the side of the face. 



8. The ASCENDING PHARYNGEAL ARTERY, the smallest 'of the 

 branches of the external carotid, arises from that trunk near to its 

 bifurcation, and ascends between the internal carotid and the side of 

 the pharynx to the base of the skull, where it divides into two 

 branches ; meningeal, which enters the foramen lacerum posterius, 

 to be distributed to the dura mater ; and pharyngeal It supplies 

 the pharynx, tonsils, and Eustachian tube. 



9. The TRANSVERSALIS FACIEI arises from the external carotid 

 whilst that trunk is lodged within the parotid gland ; it crosses the 

 masseter muscle, lying parallel with and a little above Stenon's duct ; 

 and is distributed to the temporo-maxillary articulation, and to the 

 muscles and integument on the side of the face, inosculating with 

 the infra-orbital and facial artery. This artery is not unfrequently 

 a branch of the temporal. 



10. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is one of the two terminal branches 

 of the external carotid. It ascends over the root of the zygoma ; 



