PHARYNX ITS OPENINGS. 



499 



lar ducts, and the lobular ducts constitute by their union a single 

 excretory duct. 



The crecal pouches are connected by cellular tissue, so as to 

 form a minute lobule ; the lobules are held together by a more con- 

 densed cellular layer ; and the larger lobes are enveloped by a dense 

 cellulo-fibrous capsule, which is firmly attached to the deep cervical 

 fascia. 



Vessels and Nerves. The parotid gland is abundantly supplied 

 with arteries by the external carotid; the submaxillary by the 

 facial ; and the sublingual by the sublingual branch of the lingual 

 artery. 



The Nerves of the parotid gland are derived from the auricular 

 branch of the inferior maxillary nerve, from the auricularis mag- 

 nus, and from the nervi molles of the external carotid artery. The 

 submaxillary gland is supplied by the branches of the submaxillary 

 ganglion, and by filaments from the inylo-hyoidean nerve ; and the 

 sublingual by filaments from the submaxillary ganglion and gusta- 

 tory nerve. 



PHARYNX. 



The pharynx ($&?uy%, the throat) is a musculo-membranous sac, 

 situated upon the cervical portion of the vertebral column, and 

 extending from the base of the skull to a point corresponding with 

 the cricoid cartilage in front, and the fifth cervical vertebra behind. 

 It is composed of mucous membrane, muscles, vessels, and nerves, 

 and is invested by a strong fascia, situated 

 between the mucous membrane and mus- Fi - 149 * 



cles, which serves to connect it with the 

 basilar process of the occipital bone and 

 with the petrous portions of the temporal 

 bones. Upon its anterior part it is incom- 

 plete, and has Opening into it seven fora- 

 mina, viz. 



Posterior nares, two, 



Eustachian tubes, two, 



Mouth, 



Larynx, 



(Esophagus. 



The Posterior nares are the two large 

 openings at the upper and front part of the 

 pharynx. On each side of these openings, 



* The pharynx laid open from behind. 1. A section carried transversely through 

 the base of the skull. 2, 2. The walls of the pharynx drawn to each side. 3, 3. The 

 posterior nares, separated by the votner. 4. The extremity of the Eustachian tube of 

 one side. 5. The soft palate. G. The posterior pillar of the soft palate. 7. Its ante- 

 rior pillar; the tonsil is seen situated in the niche between the two pillars. 8. The 

 root of the tongue, partly concealed by the uvula. 9. The epiglottis, overhanging- (10) 

 the opening of the gluttis. 11. The posterior part of the larynx. 12. The opening 

 into the oesophagus. 13. The external surface of the oesophagus. 14. The trachea. 





