NATURAL SCIENCE TO GENERAL SCIENCE. 27 



information about the relationships, the separations, and the 

 migrations of tribes in prehistoric times, and of the degree of 

 civilisation which they had reached at the time when they 

 parted. For the names of objects to which they had already 

 learnt to give distinctive appellations reappear as words common 

 to their later languages. So that the study of languages actually 

 gives us historical data for periods respecting which no other 

 historical evidence exists. 1 Yet again I may notice the help 

 which not only the sculptor, but the archaeologist, concerned 

 with the investigation of ancient statues, derives from anatomy. 

 And if I may be permitted to refer to my own most recent studies, 

 I would mention that it is possible, by reference to physical 

 acoustics and to the physiological theory of the sensation of 

 hearing, to account for the elementary principles on which our 

 musical system is constructed, a problem essentially within the 

 sphere of aesthetics. In fact, it is a general principle that the 

 physiology of the organs of sense is most intimately connected 

 with psychology, inasmuch as physiology traces in our sensations 

 the results of mental processes which do not fall within the 

 sphere of consciousness, and must therefore have remained inac- 

 cessible to us. 



I have been able to quote only some of the most striking 

 instances of this interdependence of different sciences, and such 

 as could be explained in a few words. Natui-ally, too, I have 

 tried to choose them from the most widely separated sciences. 

 But far wider is of course the influence which allied sciences 

 exert upon each other. Of that I need not speak, for each of 

 you knows it from his own experience. 



In conclusion, I would say, let each of us think of himself, 

 not as a man seeking to gratify his own thirst for knowledge, 

 or to promote his own private advantage, or to shine by his 

 own abilities, but rather as a fellow-labourer in one great com- 

 mon work bearing upon the highest interests of humanity. 

 Then assuredly we shall not fail of our reward in the approval 

 of our own conscience and the esteem of our fellow-citizens. 



1 See, for example, Mommsen's Rome, Book I. ch. ii. Tis. 



