SUNDEW FAMILY. 59 



.M. ++ -M. Flowers yellow. 



V. rotundif61ia, ROUND-LEAVED V. Only in cold woods N. ; the 

 roundish heart-shaped leaves flat on the ground, becoming large and shining in 

 summer ; spreads by runners ; flower small. 



* * LEAFY-STEMMED VIOLETS, wild, perennial: flowering in, spring and summer. 

 -i Flowers yellow, short-spurred : stem 2 4-leuved above, naked below. 



V. pubescens, DOWNY YELLOW V. Common in rich woods ; soft- 

 downy, also a rather smooth variety; leaves broadly heart-shaped. 



V/hastata, IIALHKRD-LKAVED V. Scarce W. & S. ; smoother; leaves 

 oblong-heart-shaped, halberd-shaped, or 3-lobed ; flower small. 

 H- -i- Flowers not yelloiv : stem branched, leafy below : leaves rounded, heart-shaped. 



V. striata, PALE V. Not rare N. & W., low; flowers creamy-white, 

 with lower petal purple-lined ; spur short ; stipules large in proportion, strongly 

 fringe-toothed. 



V. canina, DOG V., the Amcr. variety : common in low grounds ; low, 

 with creeping branches or short runners, fringe-toothed stipules, and spur half 

 the length of the violet flower. 



V. rostrata, LONG-SPURRED V. Shady hills N. & W. ; 6' high, with 

 fringe-toothed stipules, and slender spur longer than the pale violet petals. 



V. Canadensis, CANADA V. Common in rich woods N. & W., taller 

 than the others, l-2 high, larger-leaved, with entire stipules; flowers all 

 summer, the petals white or purplish above, the upper ones violet-purple under- 

 neath ; spur very short and blunt. 



* *- * PANSY ViOLETS,_//*om Europe, with leafy and branching stems, and large 

 leaf-like stipules : flowering through the spring and summer. 



V. tricolor, PANSY or HEART'S-EASE. Cult, or running wild in gardens, 

 low, with roundish leaves, or the upper oval and lowest heart-shaped ; "stipules 

 lyrate-pinnatifid ; petals of various colors, and often variegated, and under culti- 

 vation often very largo and showy, the spur short and blunt. Var. ARVENSIS, 

 is a field variety, slender and small-flowered, thoroughly naturalized in some 

 1> luces. (1) fu) 21 



V. COrnuta, HORNED V. From the Pyrenees, cult, in borders of late ; 

 has stipules merely toothed, and light violet-purple flowers with a very long 

 and slender spur. 2/ 



15. DROSERACE^E, SUNDEW FAMILY. 



Bog-herbs, with regular flowers, on scapes ; leaves in a tuft at 

 the root, glandular-bristly or bristly-fringed, and rolled up from the 

 apex in the bud, in the manner of Ferns ; the persistent sepals and 

 withering-persistent petals each 5; stamens 5-15 with their anthers 

 turned outward ; and a 1-celled many-seeded pod. Represented by 

 two genera. 



1. DROSKRA. Stamens 5. Styles 3-5, but 2-partecl so as to seem like 6-10. 



Ovarv with 3 parietal placenta?. Reddish-colored and sticky-glandular. 



2. DIONvEA. Stamens 15. Style 1: stigma lobed and fringed. Ovules nnd 



seeds all at the broad base of the ovary and pod. Leaves terminated by a 

 bristly-bordered fly-trap. 



1. DBOSERA, SUNDEW. (Name means in Greek dewy, or beset with 

 dew-drops, the gland surmounting the bristles of the leaves producing a clear 

 and dew-like drop of liquid, which is glutinous, and serves to catch small flics.) 

 Flowers small, in a 1 -sided spike or raceme, each opening only once, in sun- 

 shine, in summer. 2/ 



* Flowers small, white : leaves with a blade. 



D. rotundif61ia, ROUND-LEAVED S. The commonest species in peat- 

 bogs, white round leaves on long petioles spreading in a tuft. When a small 

 fly or other insect is caught by the sticky glands on "the upper face of the leaf, 



