ROSE FAMILY. 117 



2. Calyx with an urn-shaped dry lube, contracted or nearly closed at the mouth, and 

 enclosing 1-4 little instils 'which become akenes. Flowers small : petals none 

 except in Agrimonia. 



11. ALCHEMILLA. Low herbs, with palmately lobed or compound leaves, and 



minute greenish flowers in clusters or corymbs. Calyx with 4 inner and 

 4 outer or accessory spreading lobes. Petals none. Stamens 1-4. Pistils 

 1-4, with lateral styles. 



12. AGRIMONIA. Herbs, with interruptedly pinnate leaves, and flowers in slen- 



der terminal spikes or racemes. Calyx with the top-shaped tube beset with 

 hooked bristles just below the 5 green lobes, the latter closing together in 

 fruit. Petals 5,' commonly yellow, broad and spreading. Stamens 5 - 15. 

 Pistils 2: styles terminal. 



13. POTERIUM/ Herbs, with odd-pinnate leaves, and white, purple, or greenish 



flowers (sometimes dioecious) in dense heads or spikes on long erect peduncles. 

 Calyx with a short 4-angled closed tube, surmounted by 4 broad and petal- 

 like at length deciduous lobes. Petals none. Stamens 4- 12 or more, with 

 long and slender projecting filaments. Pistils 1-4: the terminal styles tipped 

 with a brush-like or tufted stigma. 



3. Calyx with an urn-shaped or r/lobose fleshy tube, contracted at the mouth, enclosing 

 the many pistils and akenes Flowers large and showy. 



14. ROSA. Shrubby, mostly prickly, with pinnate leaves, of 3 - 9 or rarely more 



serrate leaflets, stipules united with the base of the petiole, and flowers single 

 or in corymbs terminating leafy branches. Calyx with 5 sometimes leafy 

 lobes which are often unequal and some of them toothed or pinnatelv lobed. 

 Petals 5, or more in cultivation, broad, inserted along with the many stamens 

 at the mouth of the calyx-tube. Pistils numerous, with terminal styles, and 

 one-ovuled ovaries, becoming hard or bony akenes, enclosed in "the tube 

 or cup of the calyx, which in fruit becomes pulpy and imitates a berry or 

 pome. (Lessons, p. 125, fig. 280.) 



III. PEAR FAMILY: consists of shrubs or trees, with stip- 

 ules free from the petiole (often minute or early deciduous) ; the 

 thick-walled calyx-tube becoming fleshy or pulpy and consolidated 

 with the 2 5 ovaries to form a compound pistil and the kind of 

 fruit called a pome. (Lessons, p. 104, fig. 215.) Lobes of the calyx 

 and petals 5. Stamens numerous, or rarely only 10-15. 

 * Fruit drupe-like ; the seeds solitary in a hard stone or stones. 



15. CRAT^EGUS. Trees or shrubs, mostly with thorny branches and flowers in 



corymbs or cymes, or sometimes solitary, terminating the branchlets; the 

 lea-ves lobed or serrate. Styles 2-5 (or rarely 1): ovary of as many 2-ovuled 

 cells. Fruit with a stone of 2-5 (rarely single) 1-seeded cells or carpels, 

 more or less cohering with each other. 



16. COTONEASTER. Shrubs (exotic), usually low, with the small coriaceous 



leaves entire and whitish-downy underneath, small clustered flowers, and the 

 calyx white-woolly outside. Styles 2-5. Fruit small, the pulpy calyx-tube 

 containing 2-5 little seed-like hard stones. 



* * Fruit with thin and cartilaginous or papery 2 -several-seeded carpels in the pome. 

 4- Leaves persistent. 



17. PHOTINIA. Trees or shrubs (exotic), not thorny, with afriple evergreen 



leaves. Flowers corymbed. Styles 2-5, dilated at the apex. Fruit berry- 

 like, the 2-5 partitions thin, or vanishing. 



*- *- Leaves deciduous. 



18. AMEJLANCHIER. Trees or shrubs, not thorny, with simple leaves, racemed 



flowers, and narrow white petals. Styles 5, united below. Ovary of 5 two- 

 ovuled cells, but each cell soon divided more or less by a projection or growth 

 from its back, making the berry-like fruit 10-celled. 



19. PYRUS. Trees or shrubs, sometimes rather thorny, with various foliage, and 



flowers in cymes, corymbs, or rarely solitary. Styles 2 -5. Ovary of 2 -5 

 two-ovuled (or in cultivated species peveral-oviiled) cells, which are thin and 

 papery or cartilaginous in fruit in the fleshy or pulpy calyx-tube. 



20. GiDONlA. Trees or shrubs, with entire or merely serrate leave*, and rather 

 / large flowers, which resemble those of Pyrus, as does the fruit, only the 5 cell* 



are many-ovuled and many-seeded. 



