ROSE FAMILY. 123 



P. argdntea, SILVERY C. Dry fields, banks, and roadsides N. : a low, 

 spreading or prostrate, much branched, white-woolly weed, with wedge-oblong 

 out-pinnatitid leaflets green above, white with silvery wool beneath, and the 

 margins revolute ; the small flowers somewhat panicled, all summer. 



* * Leaves pinnate : receptacle and partly the akenes white-fiairy. 



P. Anserina, SILVER- WEED. Wet banks and shores, N. & W. : leaves 

 all from the root or in tufts on the long slender runners, green above, silvery 

 with silky down beneath, of 9-19 oblong cut-toothed principal leaflets and 

 some pairs of minute ones intermixed; stipules conspicuous and many-cleft; 

 flowers solitary on long scape-like peduncles, all summer. 



P. fruticbsa, SHRUBBY C. Wet grounds N. : 2 - 4 high, woody, silky, 

 very much branched, with 5 or 7 crowded oblong-lanceolate entire leaflets, 

 scale-like stipules, and loose clusters of rather showy flowers, all summer. 



4. Petals white : akenes and receptacle hairy : leaflets onfy 3, digitate. ^ 



P. tridentata, THREE-TOOTHED C. Coast of N. England N. and on 

 mountains : 4' -6' high, tufted, spreading, with 3 thickish nearly smooth leaflets 

 coarsely 3-toothed at the end, and several flowers in a cyme, in 'early summer. 



5. Petals purple, rose-color, or crimson : akenes smooth. ^ 

 # Wild in wet and cold bogs N. : petals narrow, shorter than the calyx. 



P. palustris, MARSH FIVE-FINGER. Stems ascending from an almost 

 woody creeping base ; leaves pinnate, of 5 - 7 lance-oblong serrate and crowded 

 leaflets, whitish beneath ; flowers in a small cyme, the calyx nearly 1' broad, 

 the inside as well as the petals dull dark purple ; receptacle becoming large and 

 spongy : fl. all summer. 



* * From Himalaya, cult, for ornament : petals broad and large, obcordate. 



P. Nepal^nsis, NEPAL C. Leaflets 3 in the upper, 5 in the lowest leaves, 

 digitate, hairy but green both sides, wedge-oblong, coarsely toothed ; flowers 

 rose-red, all summer. P. HOPWOODI\NA, with flesh-colored flowers, is a gar- 

 den hybrid of this and P. recta. 



P. atrosanguiuea, DARK NEPAL C., is soft silky-hairy, with 3 leaflets 

 to all the leaves, and much darker-colored flowers than in the preceding, brown- 

 purple or crimson. 



8. FRAGARIA, STRAWBERRY. (Name from fraga, the old Latin 

 name of the strawberry. ) ^ 



1. TRUE STRAWBERRIES. Petals white: receptacle of the fruit, high-flavored: 

 scapes several-flowered : runners naked. Fl. in spring and early summer, 

 those of all but the flrst species inclined more or less to be dioxious. In 

 cultivation the species are considerably mixed by crossing. 



F. v6sca, COMMON S. of Europe, yields the ALPINE, PERPETUAL, &c., 

 plentifully native N. ; is mostly slender, with thin dull leaflets strongly marked 

 by the veins, calyx remaining open or reflexed after flowering, small ovoid- 

 conical or elongated fruit high-scented, and the akenes superficial. 



P. elatior, HAUTBOIS S., of Europe, sometimes cult. ; is taller and quite 

 dioecious, with the calyx strongly reflexed away from the fruit, which is dull 

 reddish and musky-scented. 



P. Virginian a, VIRGINIAN WILD S., original of the AMERICAN SCAR- 

 LET, &c. ; has leaflets of firm texture, their smooth and often shining upper 

 surface with sunken veins, calyx becoming erect after flowering and closing 

 over the hairy receptacle when unfructified ; fruit with a narrow neck, mostly 

 globular, its surface with deep pits in which the akenes are sunken. 



Var. Illino6nsis, perhaps a distinct species, is coarser and larger, grows in 

 richer soil, from W. New York W. & S., the hairs of the scape, c. shaggy, is 

 the supposed original of HOVEY'S SEEDLING, BOSTON PINE, &c. 



P. Chil&nsis, native of Pacific coast from Oregon S. ; its varieties and 

 crosses with the foregoing have given rise to the PINE-APPLE S. and the like : 

 a large and robust species, with very firm and thick leaflets soft-silky beneath or 

 on both faces, and a hairy receptacle, the large rose-colored fruit erect in the 

 pure state (instead of hanging), ripening late. 



