PARSLEY FAMILY. 165 



7. CONIUM, POISON HEMLOCK. (Greek name of the Hemlock by 

 which criminals and philosophers were put to death at Athens. ) 



C. maculatum, SPOTTED H. Waste grounds, run wild, from Eu. : 

 a smooth, branching herb, with spotted stems about 3 high, very compound 

 leaves with lanceolate and pinnatifid leaflets, ill-scented when bruised : a virulent 

 poison, used in medicine : fl. summer. (2) 



8. CICUTA, WATER-HEMLOCK. (Ancient Latin name of the true 

 Hemlock, transferred to some equally poisonous plants.) Fl. summer, ^f 



C. maculata, SPOTTED COWBANE, MUSQUASH-ROOT, BEAVER-POISON, 

 &c. Tall smooth stem sometimes streaked with purple, but seldom really 

 spotted ; leaflets lance-oblong, coarsely toothed or sometimes cut-lobed, veiny, 

 the main veins mostly running into the notches ; fruit aromatic when bruised ; 

 root a deadly poison. 



9. SI UM, WATER-PARSNIP. (Old name, of obscure meaning.) y 

 S. lineare, the common species, in water and wet places : tall, smooth, 



with grooved-angled stems, simply pinnate leaves, the long leaflets linear or 

 lanceolate, very sharply serrate and taper-pointed, and globular fruit with 

 wing-like corky ribs : fl. all summer. Root and herbage also poisonous. 



10. APIUM, CELERY, &c. (Old Latin name.) One species cult.: viz. 

 A. grav^OlenS. A strong-scented, acrid, if not poisonous plant, of the 



coast of Europe ; of which the var. DIJLCE, GARDEN CELERY, is a state rendered 

 bland and the base of the leafstalks enlarged, succulent and edible when 

 blanched, through long cultivation ; leaves pinnately divided into 3-7 coarse 

 and wedge-shaped cut or lobed leaflets or divisions ; umbels and fruits small. 

 Var. RAPA.CEUM, TURNIP-ROOTED CELERY, is a state with the root enlarged 

 and eatable. 



11. C ARUM, CARAWAY, c. ( Name perhaps from the country, Caria.) 

 1. TRUE CARAWAY, with finely pinnately compound leaves, and ivhite floivers. 

 C. Carui, GARDEN CARAWAY : cult, from Eu., for the caraway-seed, the 



oblong highly aromatic fruit ; stem-leaves with slender but short thread-shaped 

 divisions. 



2. PARSLEY or PETROSEL!NUM, uitk coarser leaves and greenish Jlowers. 

 C. Petroselimim (or PETROSELINUM SATIVUM), PARSLEY: cult, from 

 Eu., especially the curled-leaved state, for the pleasant-flavored foliage, used in 

 cookery, chiefly the root-leaves, which have ovate and wedge-shaped 3-lobed and 

 cut-toothed divisions ; fruit ovate. 



12. FCENICUIiUM, FENNEL. (Name from the Latin fa>mtm, hay.) 

 P. vulgare, COMMON F. Cult, from Eu., for the sweet-aromatic foliage 



and fruit : stout very smooth herb 4 6 high ; leaves with verv numerous 

 and slender thread-shaped divisions ; large uml>el with no involucre or involu- 

 cels ; fruit ' or J' long, in late summer. %. 



13. LEViSTICUM, LOVAGE. (Ancient Latin name.) One species. 

 Xi. officinale, GARDEN L. Cult, in old gardens, from Eu. : a tall, very 



smooth, sweet- aromatic herb, with large ternately or pinnately decompound 

 leaves, coarse wedge-oblong and cut or lobed leaflets, a thick root, and small 

 many-flowered umbels. ^ 



14. ARCH ANGELIC A. (Genus established on a species of Angelica.) 

 Fl. summer. ^ 



A. atropurptirea, GREAT A. Moist deep soil N. : strong-scented, 

 smooth, with very stout dark-purple stem 3 - 6 high, large leaves termite] v 

 compound, and the divisions with 5-7 pinnate leaflets, which arc ovate au'd 



