FIGWORT FAMILY. 229 



1. EPIPHEGUS, BEECH-DROPS, CANCER-ROOT. (Name in 

 Greek means on the Beech: the plant chiefly found parasitic on the roots of 

 that tree.) One species, 



E. Virginiana. Common, about 1 high, with purplish flowers ' or more 

 long, in late summer and autumn. 



2. CONOPHOLIS, SQUAW-ROOT, CANCER-ROOT. (The name 

 is Greek for cone-scale, the plant having the aspect of a slender fir-cone when 

 old.) One species. 



C. Americana. Not widely common, in oak woods, forming clusters 

 among fallen leaves, 3' - 6' long, as thick as the thumb, yellowish : fl. early 



3. APHYLLON, NAKED BROOM-RAPE or ONE-FLOWERED 



CANCER-ROOT. (Name in Greek means without leaves.) Fl. spring and 



early summer. 



A. unifl6rum. Open woods or thickets : slightly clammy-pubescent, with 

 1-3 scapes (3'- 5' high) from a subterranean scaly base, and lance-awl-shaped 

 calyx-lobes half the length of the violet-purplish corolla. 



A. fasciculatum, the other species, occurs only from Northern Michigan 

 W. ; has scapes from a scaly base rising out of the ground, and short triangular 

 calyx-lobes. 



76. SCROPHULARIACE^I, FIGWORT FAMILY. 



Known on the whole by the 2-lipped or at least more or less 

 irregular monopetalous corolla, 2 or 4 didynamous stamens, single 

 style, entire or 2-lobed stigma, and 2-celled ovary and pod contain- 

 ing several or many seeds on the placentae in the axis ; these with 

 a small embryo in copious albumen. But some are few-seeded, a 

 few have the corolla almost regular, and one or two have 5 stamens, 

 either complete or incomplete. A large family, chiefly herbs, some 

 shrubby, and one species is a small tree. 



1. Intermediate between this family and the Nightshade Family ; the flowers ter- 

 minal or lateral, never really from the axils of the leaves w bracts ; the 

 corolla hardly if at all sensibly 2-lipped, sometimes almost regular, the lobes 

 plaited in the bud: sligma enlarged, often ^-lipped. All garden exotics. 



* With 4 stamens only, included within the narrow throat of the salver-shaped corolla : 



leaves alternate and entire. 



1. BRUNFELSIA. Shrubs, with glossy oblong leaves. Corolla with 5 rounded 



and about equal lobes, two of them, however, a little more united. Anthers 

 all alike. Fruit fleshy. 



2. BROWALLIA. Herbs, mostly a little pubescent and clammy. Corolla with 



somewhat unequally 5-lobed border, the lobes with a broad notch. Two of 

 the anthers shorter and only 1-celled. Fruit a dry pod. 



# * With 4 anther-bearing stamens and a sterile filament : corolla with wide throat. 



3. SALPIGLOSSIS. Herbs, with cut-toothed or pinnatifid alternate leaves. 



Corolla funnel-form, with very open throat, a little oblique or irregular, the 

 lobes all with a deep notch at the end. Pod oblong. 



2. Corolla imbricated and not plaited in the bud; the smaller lip 3-parted; the 

 larger b-cleft, and the lobes again 2-cleft or deeply notched. Flowers terminal, 

 panicled. 



4. SCHIZANTHUS. Calyx 5-parted, the divisions narrow. Corolla with tube 



shorter than the divisions, which appear as if cut up, the middle lobe of the 

 smaller lip, towards which the stamens and style are inclined, more or less 

 hooded or sao-like. Stamens with good anthers 2, the 2 or 3 others small and 

 abortive. Stigma minute. Leaves alternate, pinnate, or pinnately cut. 



