92 



a manner similar to that employed for the black spot of the apple and 

 pear. The foliage of the loquat will stand the application of the Bor- 

 deaux mixture, and so will the fruit. The spores of the disease are killed 

 by the fungicide. The value of the crop can alone determine whether it 

 will pay to spray. In most cases the loss from the disease is slight, and 

 I am inclined to think that unless spray is in use for other purposes 

 the operation will not be a paying one, except in the few cases where 

 orchards contain a considerable number of trees. From observations 

 made I would recommend that spraying be commenced in July or 

 early August, and as the foliage does not wet very easily the spray 

 should be as fine as possible and be applied quickly and the operation 

 repeated as soon as the first application is dry, as explained elsewhere. 

 If apples and pears are grown to any extent in the same garden or 

 orchard and suffer from black spot, I should regard this as an additional 

 reason for giving attention to this disease of the loquat. Otherwise 

 than this I should not be inclined to spend time and money in 

 spraying loquats. 



According to my observations the disease is much more common on 

 neglected trees than on those well taken care of ; in fact, except in damp 

 situations the disease is rather uncommon on thrifty trees, from which 

 it may be inferred that cultivation and care will, as a rule, be rewarded 

 with clean crops. 



DISEASES or THE FLOWER GARDEN. 



DISEASE, like his offspring death, is no respecter of persons or 

 species. High and low, plain and fair, wither under his dread touch. 

 Most of our favourite garden flowers, however, are such because of 

 their hardiness as well as their beauty. Now and then a species has 

 tempted specialists into productions that are delicate, but the rule 

 holds good that hardiness is an essential quality in a favourite flower. 

 It must thrive under ill-treatment ; under all sorts of discouragements 

 it must raise its head and smile forth in blossoms. Such sturdy 

 qualities bode ill to would-be parasites, and it is not often that we have 

 to give attention to the diseases of the ordinary flower garden. Its 

 roses, dahlias, daisies, cosmias, and all the rest of the cheering host, 

 hold their positions largely by virtue of their resistance to disease. 



Notes on a Disease of Cosmia. 



The specimens consisted of half-a-dozen pieces of the stalk of 

 Cosmia, about five-eighths of an inch in diameter. The fungus growth 

 consisted of an olive green "fur/' nearly a quarter-inch deep in the 

 denser parts, where it completely obscured the stalk of the Cosmia. This 

 growth was composed of sparsely branched mycelium, ending in the 

 usual Botrytis spore-formation. These aerial hyphae were several times 

 branched. Elsewhere the growth seemed more recent, and had a more 

 " frosty " look, and was shorter, and appeared as in Fig. 105, the hyphse 

 being unbranched until near the apex where the spores were clustered 

 in snowy masses that completely hid the ramifications of the hyphae. 



