NOMENCLATURE OF CHEMISTRY. SI 



body ; as the sulphuric acid, which is formed of 

 sulphur and oxygen ; the carbonic acid, which is 

 formed of carbon and oxygen. 



Sometimes oxygen will unite in several propor- 

 tions with a simple body, so as to form different 

 acids ; then the acid which is the most oxygen- 

 ated, has its termination in ic ; and that which is 

 the least oxygenated, in ous. Thus sulphur forms 

 two acids ; when it unites to the least proportion 

 of oxygen capable of making an acid, it forms the 

 sulphureous acidf and with a larger proportion of 

 oxygen it makes the sulphuric acid. 



Hydrogen, like oxygen, combines with a certain 

 number of simple substances, and with them forms 

 compounds, some of which are acid, and others 

 are not. To distinguish the acids Jbrmed hy hy- 

 drogen, from those formed by oxygen, the former 

 are designated by the word hydro^ as the hydro- 

 chloric acid, hydro^uoric acid. 



Products not acid, Jbrmed by hydrogen and a 

 simple substance, if solid, are called hydruret : if 

 gaseous, the name of the simple substance termin- 

 ated in ed is prefixed to that of hydrogen gas ; 

 as carburettedy or yhosphoretted hydrogen gas. 



When chlorine, sulphur, phosphorus, and carbon, 

 unite to each other, or to another simple body, 

 the compound has also its termination in uret, 

 as chloruret of phosphorus, and of iron, sulphuret 

 of iodine, phosphuret of lime, carburet of iron, &c. 

 Neutral salts, or substances produced by the union 

 of acids and alkalis, are denominated from the 

 names of the acids and alkalis of which they are 

 composed. The salts produced by the acid whose 

 names end in ous have their terminations in ite ; 

 thus sulphurous acid and potash form sulphite of 

 potash : salts produced by acids ending in ic have 



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