DRAWING LANDSCAPES. 401 



some good drawings ; and here it is of great im- 

 portance that what he copies first, shoidd be veinj 

 excellent ; for it is an absurd notion, that indiffer- 

 ent drawings will do to begin with, or to bring the 

 hand in, as it is termed j but, it has been justly ob- 

 served, the most likely effect these can produce 

 will be to put the hand out. 



In choosing drawings to copy for beginners, 

 particular attention should be paid to select those 

 where the outlines or forms of the objects are dis- 

 tinctly and correctly drawn, and not those in 

 which a ^ood effect only has been principally aimed 

 at. The first thing to be studied, is to be able to 

 express with the black-lead pencil, decidedly and 

 truly, the forms of all sorts of objects ; and till this 

 is attained, no attempt should be made at finished 

 drawings or pictures. 



Black-lead is the most useful material for draw- 

 ing the outlines of landscapes, which are best 

 executed with this alone, and should not be gone 

 over afterwards by the pen, which, except it be 

 very judiciously managed, generally gives an ap- 

 pearance of hardness. 



Indian ink alone should be used for the shadows 

 till the student has advanced very considerably ; 

 nor till then should colours of any kind be used. 

 Beginners are always desirous of producing pictures 

 and making coloured drawings ; but nothing is more 

 hurtful than the practising this too early. The first 

 thing to be learned, is to draw forms correctly; next, 

 the mode of shadowing objects truly ; then the ge- 

 neral light and shadow of a drawing, and with this 

 good composition. Ail this is best learned by 

 using black lead, black chalk, white chalk, Indian 

 ink, and these separately or combined, according 



VOL. II. D D 



